Ganges Principals

1
Ganges Principals

• By Ellery Wolf
• Brad Bauer
• Sarah Boardwine

2
History of Theroy

• 1949-1958 US Air Force
• 1962 Published Military Training and Principles
  of Learning
• Yale

3
Gagnes Contributions

• Events of Instruction
• Types of Learning
• Learning Hierarchies

4
Events of Instruction

• Gaining attention
• Informing the learner of the objective
• Stimulating recall of prerequisite learning
• Presenting new material
• Providing learning guidance

5
Events of Instruction Cont.

• Eliciting performance
• Providing feedback about correctness
• Assessing performance
• Enhancing retention and recall

6
Gain attention

• Storytelling
• Science Demonstrations
• Do something the wrong way
• Present a problem

7
Informing the learner of the objective

• Display the objective so every student can see it
• Read the objective to the class
• Follow the format SWAT/in order to

8
Stimulating recall of prerequisite learning

• Use real life examples
• Ask questions
• Review activity
• Anticipation Chart

9
Presenting new material

• Chunking
• Provide feedback
• Direct Instruction

10
Providing learning guidance

• Modeling
• Cooperative learning
• Think aloud

11
Eliciting performance

• Authentic Assessment
• PowerPoints
• Play
• Homework

12
Providing feedback about correctness

• Written feedback
• Progress monitoring
• QA
• I like how you are carrying numbers when you
  add!

13
Assessing performance

• Test
• Quiz

14
Enhancing retention and recall

• Review
• Continued learning
• Building upon prior knowledge

15
Borrowed from

• Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching
  by Roblyer (2003)
• www.nwlink.com/donclark/hrd/history/gagne.html
• www.nwlink.com/donclark/hrd/learning/development.
  html
• http//starfsfolk.khi.is/solrunb/gagne.htm
• www.my-ecoach.com/idtimeline/theory/gagne.html
• http//tip.psychology.org/gagne.html

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5 Types of Learning

• Intellectual Skills
• Cognitive Strategies
• Verbal Information
• Motor Skills
• Attitudes

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Intellectual Skills

• Problem solving
• Higher order rules
• Defined concepts
• Concrete concepts
• Discrimination

18
Cognitive Strategies

• Help Guide
• Learning
• Thinking
• Acting
• Feeling

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Verbal Information

• Recall of information

20
Motor Skills

• Tactile/Kinesthetic activities

21
Attitudes

• Motivation
• Feelings

22
Learning Hierarchies

• Low-level objectives must be mastered before
  higher level objectives can be met
• Building upon prior knowledge
• Taught one at a time

23
Implications for technology integration

• Instructional software
• Drill
• Tutorial
• Simulation
• Teacher led