Theodore Roosevelt and Progressive Reform,

1
CHAPTER 20

• Theodore Roosevelt and Progressive Reform,
• 1901 - 1909

Web
2
United States at the Start of the 20th Century

• McKinley assassinated
• Theodore Roosevelt becomes president
• Height of the progressive era
• Notable rise in population from immigration
• Time of social changes
• 175,000 children in workforce in 1900
• Rising divorce rate
• More women in school, workplace, and professions
• National Womens Trade Union
• America becomes nation of consumers caught up in
  the new advertising

3
European Immigration
4
Roosevelt and the Modern Presidency

• Nation fascinated by Roosevelt (TR)
• Bully pulpit
• Roosevelts reputation as trustbuster
• Northern Securities Company
• U.S. Steel
• TR and arbitration of the Anthracite coal strike
• J.P. Morgan
• Square Deal
• Elkins Act
• Beef Trust

5
Modern Presidency (cont.d)

• Race relations during Roosevelts administration
• Booker T. Washington
• Segregation as the norm
• Souths white primary effective in excluding
  blacks from political process
• W.E.B. DuBois
• Roosevelt clear about foreign policy goals
• Roosevelt Corollary
• Panama Canal
• Roosevelt re-elected decisively in 1904
• Interstate Commerce Commission

6
(No Transcript)
7
Progressive Campaigns to Reform the Nation

• Federal government tries to police business
• Progressivism interpreted in different ways
• Reform efforts broadened to politics
• Direct primary, referenda, and recall
• Muckrakers enter media coverage of events
• Samuel McClure and Ida Tarbell
• Suffrage movement has victories after 1910
• Municipal reform
• Samuel Jones and Tom Johnson
• City managers
• Reformers succeed in direct election of senators

8
Roosevelt and the Modern Presidency The Second
Term

• Hepburn Act brings railroad regulation
• Pure Food and Drug Act
• Upton Sinclair
• Roosevelt and world politics
• Russo-Japanese War
• Nobel Peace Prize
• Morocco Affair
• Gentlemans agreement
• Great White Fleet

Web
9
Second Term (cont.d)

• Challenges to Roosevelts reform
• Supreme Court overturns some reform efforts
• Conservation is great success for Roosevelt
• Newlands Reclamation Act
• Gifford Pinchot
• National Monuments Act
• Roosevelt keeps vow and does not run in 1908
• William Howard Taft
• Republican party divided

10
Discussion Questions

• Describe Theodore Roosevelts domestic policy.
  Was Roosevelt a progressive or a conservative?
• Discuss Roosevelts foreign policy. What were
  U.S. relations like with other nations of the
  world?
• What was the Progressive Movement? What aspects
  of U.S. society did it affect?
• What was Roosevelt role in conservation? How does
  one reconcile his love of hunting with his role
  as a conservationist?