Agroforestry

1
Agroforestry Sustainable Vegetable Production
in Southeast Asian Watersheds

• Vietnam, Indonesia Philippines
• GENDER COMPONENT

2
Gender Pointpersons

• Vietnam - Le Thanh Loan
• Indonesia Herien Puspawati
• Philippines Ma. Elena Chiong-Javier
• and Jean Saludadez

3
Research Objective

• Provide mechanisms to ensure womens involvement
  in decisions and practices concerning sustainable
  production and marketing to improve their
  socioeconomic wellbeing within
• the vegetable-agroforestry system.

4
Research Methodology

• Quantitative Qualitative
• Gender Baseline Surveys (VIP)
• Focus Group Discussions (IP)
• Document review (P)

5
Gender Role Analysis

• Land preparation
• V-generally both women and men
• for veggies, mainly women (53)
• IP- mainly men (94-97)
• Planting
• VIP-mainly men (50-77)
• V veggies mainly women (93)
• Crop management/maintenance/weeding
• V both men and women (50)
• except veggies, mainly women (93)
• IP mainly men (68-79)

6
Gender roles

• Fertilizer application
• V-mainly men/both men and women
• (47/40) except veggies mainly
• women (93)
• IP-mainly men (87-92)
• Pest control/pesticide application
• V-mainly men (65)
• for veggies, mainly women (43)
• I-no data
• P-mainly men (95)

7
Gender roles

• Harvesting
• V-both men and women (56)
• except veggies mainly women (80)
• IP-mainly men (73-84)
• Marketing
• V-both men and women (55)
• I-mainly men
• P-mainly women (53)

8
Gender roles

• Farm-level decisions
• VP-mainly men (64/58)
• Decision to purchase farm inputs
• VIP-mainly men (58/82/66)
• Organizational participation
• VIP-mainly men (excepting womens groups 78/
• 91/69-100 for farmers assn, Landcare,
  forest
• guards)
• Participation in training, extension
• VIP-mainly men (85/86/54-58)

9
Synthesis and some implications

• Men dominate the farm production sphere, women
  control the reproductive domain. Women who help
  in the farm are already double-burdened. Care
  should be taken that their project involvement
  will not add to their burden.

10
Synthesis/implications

• Womens situation in the three countries vary and
  strategies developed to involve women for their
  benefit should take this into account.
• Most Indonesian women do not think it is their
  concern they are more interested in home
  financial management trainings.
• Few Vietnamese women are involved since vegetable
  production is more for home consumption. This
  concern may be channeled to producing indigenous
  vegetables in home gardens for the familys
  health and nutritional enhancement.
• Most Filipino women are interested in marketing
  vegetables, especially their own produce. Linking
  them to market information and standards that
  affect market pricing may be a strategy. Those
  actively farming will have different needs.

11
What next?

• Bringing the information back to women through
  validation and participatory planning workshops.
  Provision for gender awareness-raising sessions
  for both men and women will be made if deemed
  necessary and for helping address gender needs
  through leveraging and linkaging.

12
What next

• Analysis of data on women organizations and
  identifying how these can be tapped for womens
  benefit
• Determining the effects of technological (VIDIN)
  inputs on women
• Gender publications
• Institutional publication/country
• In ISI/peer-reviewed journals (for cross-country
  analysis)

13
Cam on!
Terima Kasih!
Maraming Salamat!