TOXAPHENE

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TOXAPHENE
BY INIGO YBARRA and MATT CHO
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What is Toxaphene

• Toxaphene is a yellow, waxy solid and has a
  turpentine smell. Its elemental composition is
  C10H10Cl8. It is a manufactured insecticide
  containing over 670 chemicals showing the
  complexity of the pesticide. It does not burn and
  evaporates when in solid form or when mixed with
  liquids. 

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• Since toxaphene is man made. The company that
  manufactured this product is called Retzloff
  Chemical Co. there are many other companies but
  this one is one of the most producing companies.

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Other Common Names
Strobane-TToxadustToxakilVertac 90Toxon
63AttacAnatoxRoyal Brand Bean Tox 82Cotton
Tox MP82Security Tox-Sol-6Security Tox-MP
cotton spraySecurity Motox 63 cotton
sprayAgro-Chem Brand Torbidan 28Dr Roger's
TOXENE

• Chlorinated campheneOctachlorocampheneCamphochlo
  rAgricide Maggot KillerAlltexCrestoxoCompound
  3956EstonoxFasco-TerpeneGenipheneHercules
  3956M5055MelipaxMotoxPenphenePhenacidePhenat
  ox

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Use For Toxaphene

• Toxaphene was mainly used for cotton. During the
  1970s 85 usage was used on cotton, 7 was used
  on insects pest, 5 was used on other crops, 3
  was used on soy beans, and 1 was used on
  sorghum.
• Sometimes it was used to control undesirable fish.

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• After DDT was banned the use of toxaphene
  increased even more and became the most used
  pesticide in North America around the 1970s
• They say that 6.6 million lb was used in1982 and
  this period wasnt even the most used. Just think
  about how much was used in the 1970s!

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You can see in this picture how much toxaphene is
found in certain areas. Notice how in the areas
with toxaphene in it, are areas that are heavily
used for the cotton industry.
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Harmful Effects

• What harmful effects can Toxaphene have on us?
• Injures the kidneys and liver
• Damages the immune system
• Harms the adrenal gland
• Causes changes in the development of unborn
  children
• May cause cancer
• Damages the lungs
• Damages the nervous system

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• With all the dangerous and harmful effects that
  toxaphene does, the US decided to ban the
  pesticide in 1989.
• Though we still live with the consequences
  Toxaphene can be transported unchanged in the air
  for long distances from release sites. It is not
  rapidly broken down and will persist in air,
  soil, or water from weeks to years, depending on
  conditions that speed up its breakdown. Therefore
  toxaphene is still found in some of the most
  remote places, like the arctic.

EPA banned the use of Toxaphene and many other
chemicals
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This is the structures of the main components of
Toxaphene. A Bornane B Bornene CBornadeine
DCamphene E Dihydrocamphene
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As you can see here toxaphene is a mixture of
chlorinated camphene.
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China begins to phase out toxic chemicals.
China is one of the most populous country of
highly dangerous pesticides and other chemicals.
The country is fighting severe traditional
environmental problems, such as water pollution,
acid rain and urban air pollution. There are
several pollutants which are realized into the
environment, of all these pollutants POPs are
among the most dangerous ones. Since they cannot
handle these chemicals, they might even have an
effect to the whole world because some chemicals
are able to stay in our enviroment for a very
long time therefore they can travel by air, water
and into other countries
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The Twelve initial POPsaka Dirty Dozen

• Aldrin, Chlordane, DDT, Dieldrin, Endrin,
  Heptachlor, Mirex, Toxaphene, Polychlorinated
  Biphenols (PCBs), Hexachlorobenzene (HCB),
  Dioxins and Furans.
• Toxaphene is on the initial POPs.

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Seeking toxic causes of breast cancer Effort to
find source of Bay Area's unusually high rate

• http//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f/chron
  icle/archive/2004/11/08/MNG4K9NRUB1.DTLtypehealt
  h
• Breast cancer is a very complicated disease and
  researchers are now not pin pointing the origins
  of the diseases to exposure to chemicals such as
  pesticides endosulfan, toxaphene and dieldrin
  the solvents trichloroethylene, toluene and
  benzene ingredients in commercial products,
  including bisphenol-A in hard, clear plastic
  water bottles and baby bottles, and polyvinyl
  chloride in food packaging, medical products,
  appliances, cars and toys. Another is the group
  of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs,
  found in charbroiled meat and released in car
  exhaust and from cigarettes and burning fuel.
• They are now ordering studies to be done on the
  factors of breast cancer so they can get down the
  to bottom of the problem.

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Bibliography

• http//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file/c/
  a/2004/11/08/MNG4K9NRUB1.DTL
• http//english.peopledaily.com.cn/200411/11/eng200
  41111_163497.html
• http//www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/living/health
  /10085359.htm?1c
• http//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f/chron
  icle/archive/2004/11/08/MNG4K9NRUB1.DTLtypehealt
  h

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• THE END.