1' Why do height and skin color have many different phenotypes

1
1. Why do height and skin color have many
different phenotypes?

• They are controlled by more than one gene.

2
2.What do the symbols like a square and a circle
represent in a pedigree?

• A male is a square and a female is a circle.

3
3. What does a doctor use a pedigree chart for?

• They use it to trace genetic disorders or
  diseases in a family.

4
4. What does cloning produce?

• A genetically identical copy.

5
5.How are peoples DNA different?

• The order of the four nitrogen bases are making
  billions of combinations possible.

6
6. Give an example of a trait controlled by a
gene with multiple alleles.

• Blood is an example of a trait controlled by a
  gene with multiple alleles.

7
7. Other than genes, what other factors affect a
persons height?

• The persons diet and environmental factors.

8
8. What do XX and XY stand for in the 23rd pair
of human chromosomes?

• XX is a girl and XY is a boy

9
9. What causes genetic disorders?

• Mutations in the DNA or a chromosome.

10
10. What are the symptoms of Cystic fibrosis?

• Thick mucus in the lungs making it hard to
  breathe and digest food.

11
11.What is a karyotype?

• A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell
  arranged in pairs.

12
12. What tools do genetic counselors use to
predict genetic disorders? Name three.

• Genetic counselors use tools such as karyotypes,
  pedigrees, and Punnett Squares.

13
13.What is a DNA fingerprint?

• A picture made from a section of DNA which
  looks like a bar code. Every persons is
  different because everyones DNA is different

14
14. How do police use DNA fingerprinting?

• To solve crimes by matching the suspects DNA to
  DNA from a crime scene

15
15. What is the purpose of the Human Genome
Project?

• To identify the DNA sequence (nitrogen base
  order) of every gene in a human cell.
• ACCTTCGCGGCTAATCGTCCGGTACTGG

16
16. Do a Punnett Square for a person with AA and
BB blood.
B
B
AB
AB
A
AB
AB
A
17
17. What is hybridization?

• Hybridization is when you cross two genetically
  different individuals to
  produce their desired
  traits.

18
18. What is a carrier of a trait?

• An organism with one dominant and one recessive
  trait. He/she does not show the trait but can
  pass it on.

19
19. What causes Down Syndrome?

• An extra 21st chromosome.

20
20. What is Sickle-cell disease?

• Odd shaped blood cells which create a lack of
  oxygen in the blood.

21
21. What is purpose of selective breeding?

• To produce an offspring from two selected
  parents with desired traits.

22
22. What is a phenotype?

• An organisms physical characteristics, or
  visible traits.

23
23. What is hemophilia?

• When a persons blood clots slowly or not at all.
  May bleed internally easily.

24
24. What is genetic engineering?

• Inserting a gene from one organism into another
  organism to produce an organism with desired
  traits

25
25. Describe what a pedigree is and what it is
used for.

• A pedigree is a chart used to trace the family
  history of a genetic disease

26
Blood Types

• The marker molecules on your red blood cells
  determine your blood type and the type of blood
  that you can safely receive in transfusions.