Globalization and Bologna

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Globalization and Bologna

• Dr. Marina Stock McIsaac
• University of Aveiro, November 29, 2006

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Educational Challenges

• Prepare students for employment
• Harmonize educational efforts
• Collaborate
• Prepare for the future

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Globalization

• Growth in population
• Explosion of communication technology
• Rapidly changing job markets

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Prepare for the future

• Increase employability
• Allow for mobility
• Prepare for new job skills
• Recognize reduction trends

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Bologna Process

• Mobility
• Employability
• Competitiveness
• Attractiveness

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Actions to be taken

• Comparable qualifications and grades
• 3 cycle system BA, MA, Ph.D
• Transfer of credits (ECTS)
• Mobility of teachers, students
• Quality assurance of programs
• Common European dimension to HE

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European Higher Education Area (EHEA)

• Compatible systems
• Unified and transparent degrees
• Internationally accredited schools
• Internationally acclaimed programs
• Transferable
• Lifelong learning
• Job retraining

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To make Europe the most competitive and dynamic
knowledge-based economy in the world, capable of
sustainable economic growth with more and better
jobs and greater social cohesion Lisbon
Council, 2000
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Promises

• Knowledge-based economies
• Education for all
• Lifelong learning possibilities
• Transferable programs
• Options for mobility
• New job opportunities

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Problems

• Student Concerns
• Teacher Concerns
• Institutional Concerns
• Government Concerns

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Student Concerns

• Increased costs
• Underserved minorities
• Diversification of teachers,students
• Job opportunities

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Student Concerns
..will cost me more money..3 years will not
prepare me the way the previous 5 year program
did. New criteria will require a Masters Degree
to teach and there will be no jobs for the
Bachelors degree
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Teacher Concerns

• Massive layoffs
• Social disuption
• Current teacher replacements with MA
• Timely inservice training

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Institutional Concerns

• 5 does not 32
• Retool staff
• Reorganization of departments
• Loss of faculty positions

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Government Concerns

• Budget
• Jobs
• Standardize education
• Avoid social upheaval

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Bergen goals for 2010

• Intensify efforts for EHEA
• Include innovative teaching
• Include new learning environments
• Provide sustainable funding
• Provide for lifelong learning

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Stocktaking May 2005

• Good news
• meeting targets
• HE achievements visible
• students have greater
• mobility, transparency, transfer credit

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Benchmarks for Quality Assurance Criteria
1-4 (see handout Table 2.2)
1. State of development of quality assurance 2.
Key elements of evaluation systems 3. Level of
participation of students 4. Level of
international participation
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Benchmarks for Quality Assurance Criteria
8-10 (see handout Table 2.4)
8. Implementation of Diploma supplement 9.
Ratification of Lisbon Convention 10. Stage
implementation of ECTS
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Benchmarks for Quality Assurance Criteria
5-7 (see handout Table 2.3)
5. Stage of implementation of 2-cycle system 6.
Student enrolment in 2-cycle system 7. Access
from first to second cycle
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In this area, Portugal needs progress
Implementation, enrollment, access
Some progress has been made
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Next steps

• Legislation of 2-cycle system, and implementation
  on limited scale
• Student enrollment in 2- cycle at least 50
• Smooth access for majority from 1st to 2nd cycle

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Conclusion

• Internationalization of education can provide
• Wider knowledge base
• More diverse and skilled workforce
• Greater cultural understanding
• Better employment
• Better mobility
• Better lifestyle

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Working together, it can be done!
mmcisaac_at_dte.ua.pt