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Mouthwash Effectiveness in Eliminating Bacteria

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The first test tube of each dilution is first filled with 110mL of the pure mouthwash. ... Test Tube Results. Bacillus. Timelines ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Mouthwash Effectiveness in Eliminating Bacteria


1
Mouthwash Effectiveness in Eliminating Bacteria
  • By Matthew Mancuso
  • Department of Biology
  • Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville,
    TN 38505

2
Overview
  • Introduction
  • Background
  • Hypothesis
  • Materials, Methods, and Data Collection
  • Timelines
  • Expected Results
  • Benefits

3
Introduction
  • This will test the effectiveness of several kinds
    of mouthwash which claim to be antibacterial
    Scope, Listerine, and Cepasol.
  • Against several common strains of bacteria found
    in the mouth Genus Streptococcus, Bacillus, and
    Pseudomonas.

4
Objective
  • To determine if commercially available
    mouthwashes are capable of performing the
    advertised elimination of common oral bacteria.

5
Experimental
  • Tests will be run both with dilutions of the
    mouthwash samples in tubes, and streak plates
    with discs treated with mouthwash.
  • These will determine the strength of the
    antimicrobial agent in the mouthwash, as well as
    its ability to inhibit formation of new bacterial
    colonies.

6
Expectations
  • All 3 brands contain alcohol, which is effective
    in killing bacteria in solution, the tubes should
    show a correlation between alcohol and ability
    to eliminate bacteria.
  • On the plates the alcohol will evaporate leaving
    only the antibacterial agents to slow the growth
    of bacteria, these will show the strength of the
    other antimicrobial agents in the mouthwash.

7
Background
  • Data recorded in these tests should correlate
    with other studies on similar effects of
    mouthwashes.
  • These include dilution tests which suggest the
    effectiveness of alcohol, as well as active
    ingredient tests.

8
Journal Sources
  • The Effect of Mouthwash on the Bacteria Found in
    the Mouth Over a Period of Time. Dana A.
    Blackburn (Bulletin of the South Carolina Academy
    of Science, Annual 2003)
  • The Role of Therapeutic Antimicrobial
    Mouthrinses in Clinical Practice. Michael L.
    Barnett. (Journal of the American Dental Assoc,
    June 2003 )
  • Effects of a Chlorhexidine Gluconate
    Containing Mouthwash on the Vitality and
    Antimicrobial Susceptibility of In Vitro Oral
    Bacterial Ecosystems. Robert G. Bartolo Andrew
    J. McBain Carl E. Catrenich Duante Charbonneau
    Ruth G. Ledder Peter Gilbert. (Applied
    Environmental Microbiology Aug. 2003)
  • The Antimicrobial Effect of Mouth Rinses When
    Used for 15 Seconds. Darcie Bell Laura Bretsch
    Michael Lents James D Kettering. (Journal of
    Dental Hygiene, Fall 2000)

9
Hypothesis
  • Antimicrobial mouthwashes are effective at
    killing bacteria but not as effective as the
    product labeling suggests.

10
Materials Plates
  • Bacteria Millions of each, Streptococcus,
    Pseudomonas, and Bacillus, bacteria commonly
    found on food and in the mouth.
  • Agar plates 12, one for each type of
    bacteria/mouthwash pairing and 3 for control.
  • Testing discs (60)5 per plate, this will give
    many sets of data for each mouthwash while not
    wasting plates.

11
Methods Plates
  • Each of the 3 species of bacteria will be
    cultured in broth then applied in streaks to agar
    plates so the bacteria are evenly distributed
    about the surface.

12
Methods Plates
  • Discs soaked in each of the different mouthwashes
    will then be applied to the agar plates (1 type
    per plate), and discs soaked in water will be
    applied to the control.

13
Methods Plates
  • After the bacteria is allowed to incubate for
    several days the zones of inhibition (area around
    the discs where no bacteria is growing) will be
    measured.

14
Methods Plates
  • The size of the zone corresponds to the ability
    of the antimicrobial agent in the mouthwash to
    inhibit the growth of bacteria.

15
Data Collection Plates
Bacillus Agar Plate Results Agar Plate Results Agar Plate Results Agar Plate Results
Inhibition radius in mm from disc Inhibition radius in mm from disc Inhibition radius in mm from disc Inhibition radius in mm from disc
Disc
1 2 3 4 5
Scope
Listerine
Cepasol
Control
16
Materials Tubes
  • Test tubes60, for each of the 3 mouthwash to be
    mixed at each of 5 dilutions (1, 11, 110,
    1100, 11000) and each to be paired with the 3
    different bacteria, and 15 for the control, a
    dilution of common laboratory antiseptic to which
    the results may be compared .
  • Broth nutrient broth to be used in each of the
    test tubes as the diluting agent.
  • No other lab equipment will be necessary, as
    results will be immediately visible to the naked
    eye.

17
Methods Tubes
  • The first test tube of each dilution is first
    filled with 110mL of the pure mouthwash.
  • The 4 subsequent tubes are filled with 90mL of
    broth.

18
Methods Tubes
  • 10mL of liquid is then removed from the 1st tube
    and placed into the 2nd, making this mixture 1/10
    as strong as the original, this is continued from
    the 2nd to the 3rd, 3rd to the 4th, and 4th to
    the 5th.

19
Methods Tubes
  • After a few days each tube will be examined to
    determine if bacteria are growing in it,
    typically indicated by sediment and cloudiness of
    the broth.
  • Then the lowest concentration of mouthwash with
    no bacteria growing in it can be compared to the
    control to determine the strength of the
    antimicrobial agents in each type.

20
Data Collection Tubes
Bacillus Test Tube Results Test Tube Results Test Tube Results Test Tube Results
Bacteria present (pos. or neg.) Bacteria present (pos. or neg.) Bacteria present (pos. or neg.) Bacteria present (pos. or neg.)
Dilution
1 1/10 1/100 1/1,000 1/10,000
Scope
Listerine
Cepasol
Control
21
Timelines
  • Preparation of each set of tests should take less
    than 1 day.
  • Incubation should be run for 2 or 3 days to be
    sure maximum growth has occurred.
  • Examination of the results should take less than
    1 day as well.

22
Expected Results
  • It is expected to see a correlation between
    alcohol and bacteria killed in solution as
    alcohol is a known antimicrobial.
  • Results from the various antiseptics in the
    products should vary as the effectiveness of
    these specific chemicals on the bacteria may be
    different, though it is expected that Listerine,
    having more antimicrobial substances should prove
    more effective than the other 2.

23
Benefits
  • This research should help a person to decide what
    mouthwash to purchase based upon its contents and
    not just the claims listed on the bottle.
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