Interactions in Nature

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Interactions in Nature

• 7th Grade
• Life Science

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Adapting to the Environment

• Adaptations
• Characteristics or behaviors that help an
  organism to survive.
• Examples
• Natural Selection
• Survival of the fittest
• Process that keeps good adaptations in the
  population
• If you live you can make more organisms like you
  in the future.

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Whats my job?

• Every organism has specific adaptations that let
  it do its job.
• Niche
• The role an organism plays in its environment
• Its job
• What is the sharks niche in the ecosystem?

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Your TurnDetermine the Niche

• Describe the niche of the following animals.
• Lions in the Serengeti
• Lobsters in New England
• Robins in New England
• Giraffes in Africa
• Blue Whales on Stellwagen Bank
• Squirrels in your back yard

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Interactions between Organisms

• 3 Types
• Competition
• Predation
• Symbiosis

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Im not going let you overpopulate!

• Competition
• Struggle between organisms for limited resources
• Two Types
• Interspecific
• between species
• Examples
• Intraspecific
• within a species
• Examples

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Predation

• Predator
• The hunting/ grazing organisms
• Predator Adaptations
• Adaptation that helps an organism get food.
• Prey
• The organism being eaten.
• Prey Adaptation
• Adaptation that keeps an animal from being eaten

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SymbiosisCant we all just get along?

• Symbiosis (definition)
• a close long term interaction between organisms.
• Three types
• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitism

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Mutualism

• Definition
• Both organisms see a benefit
• Example
• Hippo and Yellow Billed Oxpeckers
• Clownfish and anemones

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CommensalismThe free loader

• Definition
• One organism benefits, the other is not harmed.
• Examples
• Manta Ray and Remoras

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ParasitismNo help for you!

• Definition
• One organism benefits (parasite) at the expense
  of the other (host).
• Examples
• Tick and Dogs
• Bittersweet and certain trees

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CoevolutionWe can all get along?

• Definition
• a long term change that takes place in two
  species because of their close interactions.
• Examples
• Lichen
• Fungi and Algae
• Hummingbirds and Orchids

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Review

• Adaptations
• Niche
• Competition
• Predation
• Symbiosis