Ph'D' Susanne Dyrbl EuroACE

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Energy savings and CO2 emission reduction of
changing European building codes to very low
energy standards Study made for EuroACE by O.M.
Jensen, K.B. Wittchen K.E Thomsen, Danish
Building Research Institute, SBi
EuroACE project group Susanne Dyrbøl, Rockwool
International (DK), Trine Albæk, Danfoss (DK),
Kurt Emil Eriksen, Velux (DK), Rick Wilberforce,
Pilkington (UK), Marleen Baes, Huntsman (BE),
Monique Levy, Saint Gobain Isover (FR) and Efren
Delpino, Uralita (ES)
Ph.D. Susanne Dyrbøl / EuroACE 2009.02.12
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Contents

• Why this project ?
• Phase 1 Plans and strategies towards very low
  energy buildings
• Phase 2 Energy savings and CO2 emission
  reduction of changing European building codes to
  very low energy standards
• Summary and recommendations
• An industry wish for Article 9 in the EPBD
  recast

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Why this project ?

• In the EU Action Plan on Energy Efficiency one
  of the actions is for the Commission to develop a
  strategy for very low energy or passive houses
  (before 2009) towards a more widespread
  deployment of these building types by 2015
• Aim of phase 1
• To establish an overview of the current
  situation in the European Member States regarding
  implementation of very Low Energy Buildings in
  the national legislation
• Aim of phase 2
• To investigate the impact associated with a
  wider introduction of very low-energy buildings
  in Europe, looking at the European Member States
  which have elaborated plans for the future
  concerning low energy strategies

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Phase 1 - Questionnaire and answers

• Answers missing from
• Greece, GR
• Latvia, LV
• Lithuania, LT
• Malta, MT
• Portugal, PT
• Slovenia, SI
• Spain, ES
• Croatia HR

• Answers from
• Austria, AT
• Belgium (Flanders), BE
• Bulgaria, BG
• Cyprus, CY
• Czech Rep. CZ
• Germany, DE
• Denmark, DK
• Estonia, EE
• Finland, FI
• France, FR
• Hungary, HU
• Ireland, IE
• Italy (Piedmont), IT
• Luxemburg, LU
• Netherlands, NL
• Poland, PL
• Romania (Bucharest), RO

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Status on national definitions
Countries with a definition (official or
non-governmental (NGO)) of a very low energy
building or a passive building that is
significantly better than the minimum requirements
Existing definition (filled symbol) - planned
definition (outlined symbol) no definition(-)
no answer (empty cell) 7 countries have a
governmental definition and 7 additional have a
NGO definition
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Comparing different performance standards

• Different scopes
• Different calculation methods
• Different norms

French
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Stepwise to very low energy buildings
LEB Low Energy Buildings. E Energy positive
buildings. NFFB Buildings to operate without
fossil fuels. ENB Energy Neutral Buildings.
NZEB 0 net. CO2, incl. heating, lighting
domestic hot water and all appliances
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Summary phase 1

• 22 countries answered the questionnaire - out of
  these
• 8 countries have a strategy towards
  passive/energy neutral buildings up to 2020
• 7 countries have an existing official
  definition
• 8 countries have a planned official definition
• 4 countries have a non-governmental definition
  without any plans for an official definition

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Phase 2 Energy savings and CO2 emission
reduction of changing European building codes to
very low energy standards

• 5 countries Denmark, France, Germany,
  Netherlands, and UK (England Wales)
  representing approx 50 of the EU inhabitants
• Resulting energy savings and CO2 emission
  reduction by shifting towards very low energy
  buildings
• Best practice sharing overview of national
  experience on
• Measures and programme to promote very low-energy
  buildings ?
• The public sector as front runner ?
• How are barriers, education and training dealt
  with ?

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Scenarios considered

• The first scenario
• From January 2009 all new buildings are
  constructed according to the national standard
  for VLEB
• The second scenario
• MS implementing the announced stepwise national
  strategy towards VLEB in their building
  requirements
• Savings are accumulated to 2020 and extrapolated
  to the whole of Europe

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Stepwise to very low energy buildings
LEB Low Energy Buildings. E Energy positive
buildings. NFFB Buildings to operate without
fossil fuels. ENB Energy Neutral Buildings.
NZEB 0 net. CO2, incl. heating, lighting
domestic hot water and all appliances
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Energy savings in kWh/m2 if moving from formal
Building Regulation requirement to VLEB
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Present contra future energy mixResidential
buildings
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CO2 savings in kg/m2 if moving from formal
Building Regulation requirement to VLEB
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Accumulated energy savings in 2020

• Based on recent three years construction
  activity
• The 5 MS (Denmark, Germany, France, Netherlands
  and United Kingdom)
• - represent approx 50 of EUs 458 million
  inhabitants

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Accumulated CO2 emission reduction in 2020
Mtonnes

• Based on recent three years construction
  activity
• The 5MS (Denmark, Germany, France, Netherlands
  and United Kingdom)
• represent approx 50 of EUs 458 million
  inhabitants

A mix of present an future energy mix has been
used
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Promotion of low energy buildings
1) Timely announcement of further tightening of
energy performance requirements

• Barriers
• Motivation found to be a greater barrier than
  cost
• Legislation is needed
• Education and training addressed - but still a
  big challenge Germany considerable sharing of
  best practice

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Conclusion

• The major saving potential lies in the existing
  building stock
• Experience from the new VLEB will help moving the
  existing building stock in the same direction as
  the technologies, and the way of constructing
  VLEB becomes the natural reference
• Timely announcement of further tightening of
  energy performance requirements seen as an
  efficient tool to promote VLEB
• Important that the European Institutions continue
  to guide the development towards VLEB through EU
  legislation for both new and existing buildings
• Important to be ambitious as every missed
  opportunity will impact on the future energy use
• Economical and financial incentivises are a very
  efficient and needed political instrument to
  drive the development towards low energy
  buildings
• The Public sector as front runner was not
  visible in the survey!

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An Industry wish for Article 9 in the EPBD recast

• Members States shall develop national strategies
  to ensure that
• all new buildings are low carbon and low energy
  by 2012
• a majority is zero carbon and zero energy by 2015
  
• all new buildings are zero carbon and zero energy
  by 2020
• The existing building stock should be low or zero
  carbon and low or zero energy, wherever this is
  cost-optimal.
• Separate targets and strategies shall be set for
  
• (a) existing residential buildings
• (b) existing non-residential buildings
• (c) buildings occupied by public authorities
• Member States shall require buildings referred to
  in point (c) to play a leading role in achieving
  low or zero carbon and low or zero energy
  performance levels in the national strategies by
  ensuring that all new such buildings are low or
  zero carbon and low or zero energy by 2012 .

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• Thank you for you attention
• sincere thanks to all the people who kindly
  helped us with national information for this
  survey