Gareth Morgan

1
Organizations as Machines

• Gareth Morgan

2
The Chinese Gardener

• In the story of Tzu-gung, what was the opinion of
  the old man towards machines and their influence
  on people?
• How can this debate be applied to today?

3
The Rise of Bureaucratic Organizations

• What is a bureaucratic organization?
• How does Morgan describe the rise of bureaucracy?
• What elements of the machine metaphor can be seen
  in the example of the management observation
  checklist for service personnel?

4
Origins of Mechanistic Organization

• How does Morgan tie the relationship between
  machines and the Industrial Revolution? Who does
  Morgan discuss?
• Adam Smith Division of Labour
• Fredrick the Great Vision of the mechanized
  army

5
Principles of Classical Management Theory

• Unit of command
• Scalar chain
• Span of control
• Staff and line
• Initiative
• Division of work
• Authority and responsibility
• Centralization of authority
• Discipline
• Subordination of individual interest to general
  interest
• Equity
• Stability of tenure personnel
• Esprit de corps

6
Fredrick Taylor Scientific Management

• What are the 5 principles of Scientific
  Management?
• Shift all responsibility for the organization of
  work from the worker to the manager.
• Use scientific methods to determine the most
  efficient way of doing work.
• Select the best person to perform the job.
• Train the worker to do the work efficiently.
• Monitor worker performance to ensure that
  appropriate work procedures are followed and that
  appropriate results are achieved.

7
Critically thinking about the theory

• What are some of the strengths of the machine
  metaphor?
• What are some of the weaknesses of the machine
  metaphor?