DecisionMaking

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Decision-Making
By Anna Lam
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Process of Decision-Making

• Recognize the problem
• Identifying the Limiting or Critical Factors
• Propose Various Solutions to the Problems
• Analyze the Alternatives
• Select the Most Appropriate Solution
• Implement the Solution
• Establish a Control and Evaluation System

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Recognize the Problem

• In making decision to resolve a problem, we have
  to know clearly what is the particular problem
  and the reasons of it, then make an accurate
  definition and find a solution to the problem by
  the aid of a proper identification.
• This step is important since if a problem is
  defined inaccurately, all the steps behind will
  be affected by based on an incorrect point in the
  decision-making process and this wastes out time
  and energy.

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Identifying the Limiting or Critical Factors

• Limiting or Critical Factors are those
  constraints that rule out certain alternatives
  solutions. Such as time. Resources, money etc.
• The use of this step is to eliminate some of the
  unrealistic alternatives and narrow down the
  range of possible alternatives.

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Propose Various Solutions to the Problem

• We should develop as many potential and
  possible alternatives as we can. These
  alternatives should be able to eliminate, correct
  or neutralize the problem.
• This step provides choices for us in
  decision-making.

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Analyze the Alternatives

• Each alternatives should be evaluated in terms
  of internal and external factors by using
  cost-benefit analysis. This step helps in finding
  the relative merits and demerits of each
  alternative or any conflicts between the
  alternatives and the critical (limiting)
  factors. It screens the alternatives by discard
  the unsuitable ones automatically.

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Select the Most Appropriate Solution

• The solution selected should appear to have the
  fewest serious disadvantages and the most
  advantages. Sometimes, the best solution is a
  combination of several alternatives.
• Also, the solution should not solve one problem
  but whilst create other problems.

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Implement the Solution

• In implying the solution, everyone involved with
  it must know exactly what should they do, how to
  do , why and when. In addition, programs, plans,
  procedures, rules or policies are needed to put
  into effect thoughtfully in order to yield the
  desired result.

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Establish a Control and Evaluation System

• This is the final step of the decision-making
  process. Ongoing actions need to be monitored.
  Thus system provides feedback on how well the
  decision was implemented, what the results are
  and what adjustments are necessary to get the
  expected results.

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The End