PicoNet:1

1
Piconet Embedded Mobile Networking

• F. Bennett, D. Clarke, and J. B. Evans
• in IEEE Personal Communications, Vol. 4, No. 5,
  Oct. 1997, pp. 8-15
• -- presented by Yu-Chee Tseng --

2
Embedded Mobile Networking

• There already exist many simple communication
  devices around our everyday life
• phone, fax, copy machine
• printer, portable computer, PDA
• electronic access control to buildings and roads
• banking machine
• public information terminal, etc.
• Imagine how much we may benefit if these devices
  can TALK with each other.

3
Benefit of Embedded Networks

• Embedded Network
• a small, wireless, portable communication device
• can be embedded in many communication devices
• and thus connect them together
• Enhanced personal connectivity
• we have a multitude of connections to many
  devices
• Context awareness
• the connectivity differs as we move around

4
Piconet of ORL

• Developed by ORL (Olivetti and Oracle Research)
• general purpose
• low powered
• ad-hoc radio
• Can talk to a multitude of computing and
  communication devices
• static, mobile, or embedded
• used for sensing, communication, and control
• to support only a base level of connectivity
  between things.

5
Technological Choices of Piconet

• ubiquitous
• periodically convey its state to others
• indoor or outdoor, exposed or embedded,
  line-of-sight or diffused
• low-power, low-rate, low-range
• sleep (switched off) most of the time
• radio-based
• IrDA (infrared) was not chosen as its
  inappropriateness in outdoor use

6
Prototype Piconet Hardware

• size 12cm x 7cm
• implemented in FPGA
• major components
• radio
• protocol
• runtime environment
• attribute store

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Radio

• 418 MHz FM transceiver
• around 5 meters of transmission range
• low-powered and cheap
• greater re-use of radio channel
• close to humans definition of proximity

8
Protocol

• ad-hoc, without base station
• for short-lived transaction, not long-lived
  stream of data
• 4b6b DC balanced encoding
• support 2 kinds of multicast
• well-known (pre-assigned)
• transient (dynamically created)

9
Runtime Environment

• on-board kernel
• a message queue
• a scheduler
• on-board loader

10
Attribute Store

• In Piconet, each node is responsible for
  describing itself to the rest of the world.
• any other node is thus able to determine what
  kind of services is provided by the device.
• A mapping between a devices name and service
  type should be supported.
• called attribute store in Piconet

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What a Piconet Node Looks Like?
12
Board and radio piggy-back
Radio piggy-back in place
13
Application 1 Automatic Temperature Report

• a temperature sensor with a Piconet interface
• another node coming close to this sensor
• a communication example

Query Sensors Reply GetAttribute(/name) /n
ameTemperature Sensor //discover sensor
name GetAttribute(/temp/C/value) /temp/C/value
17 //get temperature WatchAttribute(/t
emp/C/change5) WatchHandle 01 01 tmp/C
24 //submit a handle, and //watch for
any temperature change ... UnwatchAttribute(0
1) //release handle //or timeout, if the
node disappears
14
Application 2 Pico GPS in a Car
an in-car GPS with Pico (can talk to many
devices in the car)
a map system for navigation
a PDA in briefcase which logs a trace of this
trip (when returning to office, the log can be
automatically entered to database)
an authorized mobile phone which can report the
drivers current location to someone far
away (or, for location coordination)
15
Application 3 Integration with Existing
Services

• authorized phone, printer, etc
• control of home appliances
• VCR, microwave, clock, radio, PDA
• house heating system, control house lighting
• connecting to networks for email, WWW, etc.
• Only your imagination can limit!!

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Application 4 Tour Guide
information terminals at building (museum,
gallery, tourist site)
Pico at road sign and gateway to guide direction
and offer tour info.
17
Demo

• A music CD with a piconet!!