The Endocrine System

1
The Endocrine System

• the other control center

2
So, whats it for??????

• To maintain homeostasis
• affecting growth, development, reproduction,
  metabolism, etc.

3
So, hows the Endocrine System different from the
Nervous System????

• Nervous System Endocrine System
• neurotransmitters hormones
• specific general
• axon blood
• fast slow
• short-lived long-lasting

4
So, how are Endocrine glands different from the
Exocrine glands ????

• Endocrine glands Exocrine glands
• hormones not hormones
• product stays in the body product leaves the
  body
• ductless ducts

5
Some endocrine organs and their hormones

• Pituitary gland
• hypothalamus
• thyroid gland
• parathyroid gland
• pancreas

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Feedback loops
stimulus
7
You figure it out...

• A 17-year old boy is taken by his parents to a
  pediatrician because the parents are concerned
  about his excessive height and his complaints of
  fatigue and general lassitude. As a young child,
  he excelled in competitive sports, but for the
  past 3 years, he as experienced weakness and
  fatigue and has ceased to compete. His nose is
  broad, and his mandible and facial features
  appear larger than normal. He has large hands
  and feet and takes a size 18 shoe. There is no
  family history of unusual tallness.
• Using your knowledge of endocrinology, make a
  diagnosis.
• Which gland, hormone, and effectors are involved?
• How do you account for the excessive tallness and
  the presence of a large mandible, hands, and feet
  in the same individual?

8
You figure it out...

• A 45-year-old woman is taken to her family
  physician for a medical checkup. The woman has
  no complaints, but her husband has noted the
  following changes in her appearance during the
  previous year. She has gained a considerable
  amount of weight and is becoming mentally and
  physically slow, often falling asleep while
  talking to friends. Her face is puffy, and her
  hair is dry and has developed a tendency to fall
  out. Her skin is pale and dry, and her voice is
  becoming deep and her articulation slow. She
  frequently complains of the cold when others feel
  warm.
• What do you think is wrong with this patient?
• What gland, hormone, and effectors are involved?
• Name another endocrine gland that affects the
  production of this hormone.

9
You figure it out...

• A 27-year old woman is admitted to the hospital
  for diagnostic tests. When initially seen by her
  physician, she was complaining of weight loss,
  insomnia, fatigue, and nervousness. On
  examination, it is noted that her eyes are
  prominent and her fingers show a fine tremor when
  her hands are held out in front of her. Her skin
  is hot and moist, and she is restless. Her pulse
  rate is elevated. Examination of her neck
  reveals an enlarged thyroid gland.
• Make a diagnosis.
• Why has this patient lost weight even though her
  appetite has increased?
• Why does the patient have protruding eyes?