Title: 10th American History Unit V A Nation Facing Challenges
110th American History Unit V- A Nation Facing
Challenges
- Chapter 18 Section 5
- The Movement Continues
2The Movement Continues
- The Main Idea
- The civil rights movement was in decline by the
1970s, but its accomplishments continued to
benefit American society. - Reading Focus
- How did the SCLCs goals change and with what
results? - For what reasons did the Black Power movement
decline? - What civil rights changes took place in the
1970s, and what were their results?
3The Civil Rights Movement after Martin Luther
King Jr.
King realized that most African Americans were
prevented from achieving equality because they
were poor.
Ralph Abernathy, the new leader of the SCLC, led
thousands of protesters to the nations capital
as part of the Poor Peoples Campaign.
The campaign turned out to be a disaster. Bad
weather and terrible media relations marred the
campaign. The campaign also failed to express
clearly the protesters needs and demands.
4The Poor People's Campaign (0316)
5A Change in Goals
- How did SCLCs goals change and with what
results? - Explain What was the intent of the Poor
Peoples Campaign? - Describe Why was the Poor Peoples Campaign a
disaster?
6The Black Power Movement
- The civil rights movement took place at the
height of the Cold War. - FBI director J. Edgar Hoover created a secret
program to keep an eye on groups that caused
unrest in American society. - Hoover considered King and the Black Power
movement a threat to American society. - The FBI infiltrated civil rights movement groups
and worked to disrupt them. - Spread false rumors that the Black Panthers
intended to kill SNCC members - Forged harmful posters, leaflets, and
correspondence from targeted groups
7The Decline of Black Power
- The Black Panthers
- Hoover was particularly concerned about the Black
Panthers. - Police raided Black Panther headquarters in many
cities. - Armed conflict resulted, even when Black Panther
members were unarmed. - By the early 1970s, armed violence had led to the
killing or arrest of many Black Panther members.
- SNCC
- SNCC collapsed with the help of the FBI.
- H. Rap Brown, the leader who replaced Stokely
Carmichael as the head of SNCC, was encouraged to
take radical and shocking positions. - Brown was encouraged to take these positions by
his staffmany of whom worked for the FBI. - Membership declined rapidly.
8The Decline of Black Power
- For what reasons did the Black Power movement
decline? - Identify Who was J. Edgar Hoover?
- Recall What was Hoovers opinion of the Black
Power Movement?
9Civil Rights Changes in the 1970s
- Civil Rights Act of 1968banned discrimination in
the sale or rental of housing (also called the
Fair Housing Act) - Busing and political changeto speed the
integration of city schools, courts began
ordering that some students be bused from their
neighborhood schools to schools in other areas - Busing met fierce opposition in the North.
- Busing was a major cause of the migration of
whites from cities to suburbs. - This development increased the political power of
African Americans in the cities. - Affirmative actionprograms that gave preference
to minorities and women in hiring and admissions
to make up for past discrimination against these
groups
10The Civil Right Act of 1968 (Fair Housing Act)
- The Civil Right Act of 1968 prohibited the
following forms of discrimination - 1. Refusal to sell or rent a dwelling to any
person because of his race, color, religion or
national origin - 2. Discrimination against a person in the terms,
conditions or privilege of the sale or rental of
a dwelling. - 3. Advertising the sale or rental of a dwelling
indicating preference of discrimination based on
race, color, religion or national origin. - 4. Coercing, threatening, intimidating, or
interfering with a person's enjoyment or exercise
of housing rights based on discriminatory reasons
or retaliating against a person or organization
that aids or encourages the exercise or enjoyment
of fair housing rights.
11The New Black Power
- Black Power took on a new form and meaning in the
1970s. - African Americans became the majority in many
counties in the South. - African Americans were elected to public office.
- African Americans who played roles in the civil
rights movement provided other services to the
nation - Thurgood Marshal became Supreme Courts first
African American justice. - John Lewis represented the people of Alabama in
Congress. - Andrew Young became Georgias first African
American member of Congress since Reconstruction,
U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, and mayor
of Atlanta. - Jesse Jackson founded a civil rights organization
called Operation PUSH and campaigned for the
Democratic presidential nomination in the 1980s.
12African Americans who played roles in the civil
rights movement.
John Lewis - In 1961, Lewis joined SNCC in the
Freedom Rides, he and others were beaten by mobs.
In 1963, Lewis helped plan, speak and took part
in the March on Washington. In 1965, he led 525
marchers across the Pettus Bridge in Selma,
Alabama. State troopers attacked the marchers in
a violent incident that later became known as
"Bloody Sunday."
In 1965, Jesse Jackson participated in Martin
Luther King, Jr.s movement in Selma, Alabama. In
1966, King selected Jackson to be head of the
SCLCs Operation Breadbasket in Chicago Jackson
was present with King in Memphis when he was
assassinated on April 4, 1968.
Andrew Young was appointed to serve as pastor of
a church in Marion, Alabama. In 1960, he joined
the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
Young was jailed for his participation in civil
rights demonstrations, both in Selma, Alabama,
St. Augustine, Florida ands Birmingham, Alabama.
With King in Memphis at assassination.
Ralph Abernathy- pastor of the First Baptist
Church in Montgomery, Alabama. Abernathy and King
organized the bus boycott in Montgomery.
Abernathy was Martin Luther King's Number Two in
the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
President of the SCLC after King's death.
Organized the Poor People's Campaign.
13(No Transcript)
14New Changes and Gains
- What civil rights changes took place in the
1970s, and what were their results? - Recall What was the response in some areas to
court-ordered busing? - Explain In what way did busing and affirmative
action strengthen the Republican Party? - Summarize What political change occurred in the
cities in the late 1960s and early 1970s?
15New Changes and Gains
- Recall What was the new Black Power?
- Describe How did John Lewis, Andrew Young, and
Jesse Jackson become leaders of the new Black
Power?