The Evolving Role of NATO

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The Evolving Role of NATO

• Marko Savkovic
• Research Associate
• Centre for Civil-Military Relations, Belgrade

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What is the source of great powers conduct in
post Cold War era?

• Because the great powers of the future will be
  non-unitary actors focusing primarily on
  maximizing wealth and acting not simply within a
  system of states but instead within a great
  power society, they will no longer engage in
  balancing alliances but will settle conflicts and
  enhance their security through negotiation and
  compromise rather than through the use or threat
  of force. (James M. Goldgeier and Michael
  McFaul, A Tale of Two Worlds Core and Periphery
  in the Post-Cold War Era, International
  Organization 46, Issue 2, Spring 1992)

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What is the basis of the modern comprehension of
one individuals security?

• 1.Freedom of speech and expression
• 2. Freedom of religion
• 3. Freedom from want (economic well being)
• 4. Freedom from fear
• The "human (centered) security" paradigm in
  social science and economic development

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Why history did not end once the Cold War was
over?

• Every time when a systemic crisis occurs, there
  are calls for the rules of the game to be changed
• Systemic crisis might, and will cause
  ideologically heterogeneous system in the future
• The sharing of norms of governance did not become
  global, and has not become yet

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How did NATO survive the Cold War?

• It adopted new missions, transforming from a from
  a traditional military alliance for collective
  defense into a political-military organization
  for security cooperation with an extensive
  bureaucracy and complex decision-making process
• It took in new members
• It was faced with the direct attack for the first
  time in its history after September 11 terrorist
  attacks

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How did NATO mission evolve?

• No longer was NATO content to preserve and
  promote its values by guarding territory of its
  member states. (Since 1989) they have effectively
  committed themselves to developing the means
  necessary to encourage the growth of their values
  outside of NATOs borders. Notably, this new
  enterprise constituted principally political
  rather than military mission. (Rebecca R. Moore,
  2007, NATOs New Mission Projecting Stability
  in a Post-Cold War World, Praeger Security
  International).

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What tools NATO used to promote its values?

• 1. It developed institutional and partnership
  arrangements
• Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
• Partnership for Peace
• Partnership Action Plan on Defense Institution
  Building
• Framework Document Presentation Document
  Individual Partnership Program
• NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council (renamed
  later to simply NATO-Russia Council)
• NATO-Ukraine Commission
• 2. It adopted new Strategic Concepts in 1991 and
  1999 respectively.

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Strategic Concept of 1999

• 1. Priorities
• The preservation of the transatlantic link
• The maintenance of effective military
  capabilities
• The development of the European Security and
  Defense Identity (lost its importance with the
  formulation of ESDP)
• 2. NATO as a conflict prevention and crisis
  management actor
• 3. Openness to new members confirmed

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Out of area and out of article 5 missions

• The defining factor in Post Cold War evolution of
  NATO was the strategic decision to move beyond
  this traditional sphere of engagement
• The treaty produced a strictly transatlantic
  community
• Article 5 An armed attack against one or more
  of (the member states) in Europe or North America
  shall be considered an attack against them all
  and consequently they agree that, if such an
  armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of
  the right of individual or collective
  self-defense recognized by Article 51 of the
  Charter of the United Nations, will assist the
  Party or Parties so attacked

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NATO turning sixty years old the challenges

• The future mission statement of NATO as a
  military alliance
• NATOs relationship with Georgia and Ukraine
• The relationship with the European Union
• New places of interest Middle East? Africa? A
  more global NATO, opening its doors for countries
  that are out of its traditional sphere?

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