Welcome to the Alexandria

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Welcome to the Alexandria
Author of the project
Telyatnikov Alexandr School
1173, Form 11 g
Moscow
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The Pharos of Alexandria

• The Pharos of Alexandria was a tower built in the
  3rd century BC (between 285 and 247 BC) on the
  island of Pharos in Alexandria, Egypt to serve as
  that port's landmark, and later, its lighthouse.
• With a height variously estimated at between 115
  and 135 metres (383 - 440 ft) it was among the
  tallest man-made structures on Earth for many
  centuries, and was identified as one of the Seven
  Wonders of the World by classical writers.
• It ceased operating and was largely destroyed as
  a result of an earthquake in 1375 some of its
  remains were found on the floor of Alexandria's
  Eastern Harbour by divers in 1994. More of the
  remains have subsequently been revealed by
  satellite imaging citation needed.

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• Pharos was a small island just off the coast of
  Alexandria. It was linked to the mainland by a
  man-made connection named the Heptastadion, which
  thus formed one side of the city's harbour. As
  the Egyptian coast is very flat and lacking in
  the kind of landmark used at the time for
  navigation, a marker of some sort at the mouth of
  the harbour was deemed necessary - a function the
  Pharos was initially designed to serve. Use of
  the building as a lighthouse, with a fire and
  reflective mirrors at the top, is thought to date
  to around the 1st Century AD, during the Roman
  period. Prior to that time the Pharos served
  solely as a navigational landmark

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• The first lighthouse of the World, the Pharos of
  Alexandria, lasted for over 1500 years in the
  harbor of Alexandria. It is one of the 7 Wonders
  of the Ancient World described by the poet
  Antipater of Sidon around 130 BC.
• The Pharos was built to warn sailors of the
  treacherous sandbars off Alexandria, one of the
  busiest ports of the ancient world. It consisted
  of a three-stage tower, decorated with sculptures
  of Greek deities and mythical creatures, atop
  which stood a lantern with a giant bonfire whose
  light may have been focused by mirrors, perhaps
  made of polished bronze, into a beam visible 35
  miles out to sea. 300 Slaves worked on the Pharos
  that was build in 17 years.

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Legend of pharos.

• According to popular legend, Sostratus was
  forbidden by Ptolemy from putting his name on his
  work. But the architect left the following
  inscription on the base's walls nonetheless
  Sostratus, the son of Dexiphanes, the Cnidian,
  dedicated (or erected) this to the Saviour Gods,
  on behalf of those who sail the seas (the
  original Greek inscription S?S?????S ????F????
  ??????S T???S SO???S?? ???? ?O? ??O??????O?
  literally means Sostratos of Dexiphanes
  meaning son of Dexiphanes the Cnidian to
  Saviour Gods on behalf of the sea-faring. These
  words were hidden under a layer of plaster, on
  top of which was chiselled another inscription
  honouring Ptolemy the king as builder of the
  Pharos. After centuries the plaster wore away,
  revealing the name of Sostratus.

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Last day of the Pharos
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The Pharos of Alexandriain now day
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Author by project Telyatnikov Alexandr