Exploration

1
Exploration

• World History A
• Seminar 7

Warm Up Using the information on page 365 in
the textbook, describe the role Prince Henry the
Navigator of Portugal played in world wide
exploration.
2
Portugal Sails Eastward

• Established a school for improving sailing and
  navigational techniques.
• Goal reach India and intercept the spice trade
  before it traveled through Muslim territory.
• Designed new ships - the caravel - prepared
  maps, and trained sailors in new navigational
  tools such as the astrolabe

3
Portuguese Exploration

• 1488 Bartholomeu Dias rounded the Southern tip
  of Africa at the Cape of Good Hope. (page 366)
• 1497 Vasco da Gama finally reached the spice
  port of Calicut in India
• 1500 Portuguese seize key Indian Ocean spice
  trade ports

4
Christopher Columbus

• Persuaded Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain to
  finance his voyage
• 1492 - Sailed west to reach spice islands
• Reached land on October 12.
• Claimed discovered lands for Spain
• Claim led to a huge Spanish empire

5
The Explorers

• 1513 Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed Isthmus of
  Panama to discover the Pacific Ocean
• 1519 to 1521 Ferdinand Magellan expedition sails
  west from Spain. First to circumnavigate the
  globe.
• 1542 Bartolome de las Casas, Spanish priest who
  attempted to end the abuse of native Americans
  working on Spanish land in the New World.
  (encomienda system)

6
The Conquistadors

• Conquistador conqueror. Name for the Spanish
  explorers who claimed lands in the Americas in
  the 1500s and 1600s.
• Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztec empire in
  Mexico in 1519. Brought down Aztec emperor
  Moctezuma with superior weapons (guns), horses
  and disease
• Francisco Pizarro conquered Incan empire in
  Peru in 1522.

7
Columbian Exchange

• European conquest of the new world brought
  changes on both sides
• Movement of goods and ideas from each side is
  called the Columbian Exchange.
• Watch the video and complete the Chart.

8
England and France

• New France territory stretched along the
  Mississippi River from Quebec in the North to
  Louisiana on the Gulf of Mexico.
• English built their first colony at Jamestown,
  Virginia in 1607
• By late 1700s, the English had established 13
  colonies
• Dutch and Portuguese also established colonies in
  the New World

9
Triangular Trade

• Began in 1500s to fill the need for labor in
  Spains American empire.
• The Arab empire also used slave labor, often
  captives taken from Africa
• Warring African nations traded their captives for
  weapons.
• The Atlantic slave trade formed one part of a
  three pronged trade network known as the
  Triangular Trade.
• First leg goods to Africa in exchange for slaves
• Second leg (Middle Passage) African slaves taken
  to New World to work on Plantations. Exchanged
  for molasses, tobacco and sugar.
• Final leg Products shipped to Europe.