National Security and Military Choices: China

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National Security and Military Choices China
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What are the key national security issues?

• State sovereignty
• Territorial integrity
• Internal or External threat
• Economic, cultural or political-ideological
• Claim to expanded borders
• Challenge to rivals in region or world
• Resource issues
• Prestige
• Ethnicity

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China Territorial Internal
Xinjiang
Xizang (Tibet)

• Disorder
• urban migration
• unemployment
• unmet demands

Drug Trafficking
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Border Disputes China/India
Western
Arunachal Pradesh
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South China Sea Spratly Islands Paracels
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Japan, India, North Korea, US Russia

• Japan - most serious long-term threat.
• Fear Japans military expansion
• India regional rival
• APEC
• Naval Indian Ocean
• North Korea
• Limited concern

• US - Hegemon
• Threat to sovereignty
• Capitalism Trade
• Democracy (Human rts)
• Taiwan
• Russia - ambivalent
• Friend or Foe?
• Transfer of military technology

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China v. India (US) - naval
Myanmar Sittwe Yangon
Andaman Sea
Indian FENC on Andaman
Straits of Malacca
To west Egypt Port Said Pakistan ports(?)
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Major Differences between 1st 3rd worlds in
security
What are the

• Domestic peace order in 3rd world
• Protect culture from global influences vs
  expansion
• Resource access benefits (?)
• End of Cold War
• 3rd world states thrown into Realist scenario
• Compete with neighbors, not with US, W Europe,
  Russia

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3 Main Roles of Military Forces
What are the

• Constabulary Military copes with
• Domestic civil and natural disasters
• Border Defense Military copes with
• Foreign invasion
• Initiate border skirmishes limited war.
• Power Projection Military
• Can project threat beyond borders, by land, sea,
  or air power.

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Should you make or buy your military equipment?
Purchase Pros
Produce Pros

• Boost economic growth
• Employment -tech class
• Learn by doing
• Custom-design
• Policy independence
• Export market
• Prestige

• Leapfrog to modern
• Higher quality
• Quicker, easier
• Buy used or new??
• Training plus help if doesnt perform
• Win against neighbors

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Negatives on Make vs Buy
Neg on Purchase
Neg on Produce

• Poorly made or designed equipment
• Cost-effectiveness low
• Produce part but have to buy rest
• Remediation difficult
• weapon or performance
• at disadvantage in conflict with neighbors

• Promotes economy of seller
• Seller can embargo sales, spare parts
• or refuse to sell at all
• Multiple sources
• Integration problem
• Awkward demands
• Play catch-up

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In US -
General Purpose Forces
Strategic forces
ICBMs
Il Bombers
SLBMs
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Simulation Peoples Republic of China

• What are the goals/threats of China in next 15
  years?
• What type of military is needed? (roles)
• What military equipment would you buy if you were
  Chinas leaders?

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www.uwmc.uwc.edu/political_science/MIIIE/Welcometo
MilDef.htm

• Student Pages include
• Internal Problems
• Chinas Politico-Military Doctrines (with links
  to research sites)
• group should divide research task
• Current Shape of Chinas Military with links to
• Different types of Navies, Armies
• Comparison of Ship Characteristics
• Military Spending Simulation with shopping cart
• Group determines direction of policy and military
  choices from Chinas standpoint.

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Assignment on US

• Go to Rourkes IP site
• http//www.dushkin.com/rourke/ch12/spend.mhtml
• Identify main threats or likely need for military
  action for US in next 15 years
• What kind of military is needed? (Roles)
• How much should be designated for Strategic and
  for General Purpose forces?
• What weapons will you purchase to implement your
  analysis? 100 Billion dollars to spend.
• Copy off your choices (submission goes to
  Rourke), and write report - analyzing your
  choices, and justifying them in terms of the
  threat/needs, roles, developed earlier.

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