Unit 2 Biology Revision Game

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Unit 2 Biology Revision Game
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• Unit 2 Biology Revision Game
• Person who rolls the highest number on dice
  starts
• First player rolls the dice and moves forward the
  indicated number of spaces
• If the player lands on a white square, play moves
  to the next player.
• If the player lands on a green square, they must
  answer a question. If they answer correctly they
  roll the dice and move again. If they answer
  incorrectly play moves to the next player.
• If the player lands on a red square, they pick up
  a red card and follow the instructions on that
  card, play then moves to the next player.
• The first player to land exactly on the finish
  square is the winner.

• Unit 2 Biology Revision Game
• Person who rolls the highest number on the dice
  starts
• First player rolls the dice and moves forward the
  indicated number of spaces
• If the player lands on a white square play moves
  to the next player.
• If the player lands on a green square, they must
  answer a question. If they answer correctly they
  roll the dice and move again. If they answer
  incorrectly play moves to the next player.
• If the player lands on a red square they pick up
  a red card and follow the instructions on that
  card, play then moves to the next player.
• The first player to land exactly on the finish
  square is the winner.

3
Q Define the term abiotic. A The non living
components of an ecosystem.
Q Give an example of a resource. A Food, water,
mates, shelter.
Q What is a resource? A Any factor required by an
organism to survive and reproduce.
Q Define the term biotic. A The living components
of an ecosystem.
Q Define structural adaptation. A A physical
feature that enables the organism to survive and
reproduce in its environment.
Q Define behavioural adaptation. A any action or
pattern of actions displayed by an organism to
help it survive and reproduce in its environment.
Q What might restrict the availability of
resources? A Over population, environmental
factors.
Q Define an adaptation. A Structural,
physiological or behavioural feature that enables
the organism to survive and reproduce.
Q Describe a behavioural adaptation of the
animal , state how it assists the animal.
Q Describe a behavioural adaptation of the animal
, state how it assists the animal.
Q Define physiological adaptation. A The internal
functioning of an organisms that allows it to
survive and reproduce
Q Describe a
structural adaptation of the animal. State how
it helps the animal survive.
Q Describe a physiological adaptation of a
rose. A regulation of water loss photosynthesis
Q Outline the pathway an impulse would take from
the stimulus to the response. A Stimulus -gt
receptor-gt sensory nerve -gt spinal cord -gt brain
-gt spinal cord -gt motor neurons -gt effector -gt
response
Q Describe a structural adaptation of the rose.
State how it assists the rose to survive. A
flowers, stomata, etc
Describe a structural adaptation of the animal.
State how it helps the animal survive.
Q what is the function of the myelin sheath? A to
speed up impulse and ensure correct pathway
Q What are the three types of neuron? A sensory,
motor, interneurons
Q What is the function of a dendrite? A To
receive the impulse from another neuron or
possible a receptor.
Q What is a nerve cell called? A neuron
Q Outline the stimulus response model for
sweating. A increase in internal temp-gt
thermoreceptor in hypothalamus-gt interneurons-gt
spinal cord-gt motor neurons -gt sweat glands -gt
reduction in core temp.
Q What is homeostasis? A The maintenance of
internal conditions such as temperature, glucose
and oxygen levels and water balance within
tolerance limits
Q What are two physiological responses to an
increase in internal body temperature? A
sweating, vasodilation, reduced metabolic rate.
Q What is a neurotransmitter? A a chemical
released form one neuron to activate the next
neuron or effector
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Q What are 2 physiological responses to a
decrease in internal body temperature A
vasoconstriction, shivering, goosebumps
Q How do cold blooded animals such as reptiles
control their internal body temperature. A
Q Define the term Habitat. A Part of an
ecosystem in which an animal lives, feeds and
reproduces
Q Humans are some of the few animals that are
able to sweat. How do animals such as a dog
reduce internal heat, A panting, licking forepaws
Q What is the most common technique used to the
distribution of organisms in an area? A Transect
Q How can plants control temperature? A opening
and closing the stomata
Q What is stratification? A vertical differences
in abiotic conditions giving rise to layers or
strata
Q What is zonation? A horizontal differences in
abiotic conditions that give rise to distinctive
zones
Q Which hormone is responsible for cell
elongation in geotropism? A auxin
Q What is phototropism? A growth movement of a
shoot in response to the stimulus of
electromagnetic energy
Q How can plants control water loss? A opening
and closing of stomata
Q Which hormone is responsible for elongation of
cells in phototropism? A auxin
Q What is a receptor? A a cell or organ that
detect specific stimuli.
Q The endocrine system controls which group of
chemicals? A Hormones
Q What is geotropism? A growth movement of a
shoot in response to the stimulus of gravity
Q What is photoperiodism? A the physiological
reaction of organisms to the length of day or
night.
Q What is an ectotherm? A organisms that depend
on absorbing heat form the external environment
to maintain body temperature.
Q What is an endotherm? A An organism that use
heat generated by metabolic activity to maintain
internal heat.
Q Is water balance under nerve or endocrine
control? A Both, nerves from hypothalamus to
pituitary, then pituitary releases the hormone
anti diuretic hormone.
Q How do the endocrine and nerve systems differ
in terms of speed of action and duration of
response. A NS is fast and short acting, ES is
slow and longer acting
Q Where are the receptors for water regulation
found? A Hypothalamus
Q What do the receptors of water balance actually
detect? A concentration of water in the blood.
Q What is the control of water in the body
referred to? A Osmoregulation
Q What are the receptors for water balance
called? A Osmoreceptors
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Q How do desert animals reduce the amount of
water lost? A produce highly concentrated urine,
sometimes in solid form
Q What does the term diurnal mean? A active
during the day, sleep at night.
Q What does the term nocturnal mean? A active
at night, asleep during the day
Q What is rhythmic behaviour? A response to
biotic and abiotic factors that go through
regular patterns. These may be daily, seasonal.
Q Why is communication between organism
important? A obtain a mate, parenting,
community living, obtaining food etc
Q What are the main ways organisms communicate?
A verbally, chemically, visually
Q Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis. A
mitosis produces 2 identical daughter cells with
2n, meiosis produces 4 daughter cells with n
Q What are the two main types of reproductive
behaviour? A courtship (including mating) and
parenting
Q What types of plants use alternation of
generation? A mosses, liverworts and ferns
Q What is alternation of generation? A life
cycle in plants involving a gametophyte and a
sporophyte stage
Q What does the term metamorphosis mean? A a
change from one form to another in organisms
Q What is migration? A seasonal movement of
whole or partial communities
Q Describe a structural adaptation of the marram
grass. State how it assists the plant to
survive. A tubular leaves, silver colour hairs
Q Describe a structural adaptation of the blue
ringed octopus. State how it assists the animal
to survive.
Q Describe a sexual reproductive strategy used
by marram grass. A Flowers which use the wind to
disperse pollen and seeds.
Q Describe an asexual reproductive strategy used
by marram grass. A Runners to help some part of
the plant to remain anchored and spread.
Q Describe a behavioural adaptation of the blue
ringed octopus. State how it assists the
animal to survive. A ink, hiding,
Q Outline the life cycle of a fern A
Q What makes up the central nervous system? A
brain and spinal cord
Q Describe an example of a courtship display
involving verbal communication. A frog calls,
cats howling etc
Q Describe an example of a courtship display
involving visual communication. A peacock or
lyre bird tails, mallee bird mound etc
Q Describe an example of a territorial display
involving olfactory (smell) communication A dogs
urinating
Q What flower features would a plant have that
relied on small mammals for pollination? A
Large, nectar, aroma, deeper in plant
Q What is the action of antidiuretic hormone? A
Increases reabsorption of water into the blood
from the distal tubules and collecting ducts of
nephrons in the kidneys.
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Q What is a community? A Populations of various
organisms living in the same location at the same
time
Q True or False A community consists of
ecosystems. A False, ecosystems are made up of
communities
Q What is an ecosystem? A A a biological unit
comprising the community living in a discrete
region, the non living surroundings and the
interactions occurring within the community and
between the community and surroundings
Q How is a community usually named? A according
to dominant vegetation and growth form
Q What is an ecological niche? A Way of life of
an organism in an ecosystem
Q Define the term producer? A an autotrophic
organism that can synthesise organic matter from
inorganic matter
Q True or False A producer is an autotroph. A
True
Q Define the term consumer. A any organism that
cannot manufacture its own food, but depends on
other organisms for food
Q True or false Consumers are autotrophic. A
False, consumers are heterotrophic
Q Define the term decomposer A An organism such
as fungi or bacteria which breaks down complex
organic matter into simpler matter
Q True or false plants are the only
autotrophic organisms A False, some autotrophs
use chemosynthesis and these are not plants
Q What is the equation for photosynthesis? A
carbon dioxide water -gt glucose oxygen water
Q What is the equation for respiration? A
Glucose oxygen -gt carbon dioxide water
energy
Q What is the main source of energy for
photosynthesis? A electromagnetic energy or
sunlight
Q True or false ecological groupings refers to
organisms being categorised as a producer,
consumer or decomposer A True
Q True or false competition can only occur
between two members of the same species. A
False competition can also occur between members
of different species
Q How do mutualism and commensalism differ? A
mutualism both organisms benefit, commensalism
only one benefits but other organism is not
harmed.
Q True or false commensalism, parasitism and
mutualism are forms of symbiosis. A True
Q Name the producers A Plants
Q Name a 1st order consumer. A mouse,
cricket, squirrel rabbit
Q Name the 2nd. Order consumers A fox, frog,
mouse, snake
Q Name the 3rd. Order consumers. A owl, snake
Q Name an omnivore A mouse
Q Name the herbivores. A mouse, cricket,
squirrel rabbit
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Q Name the carnivores. A mouse, frog, fox, owl,
snake
Q What type of ecological Group is missing from
the food web. A decomposers
Q Give an example of a predator prey
relationship A Any example where one organism
consumes another
Q How do parasitism and predation differ? A
Parasitism is slower and the host is not usually
killed
Q Give an example of parasitism. A some egs are
fleas, heartworm, tapeworm, ticks
Q Give an example of mutualism. A Lichen,
remora fish and shark
Q True or false In a parasite host relationship,
the host is always killed by the parasite. A
False
Q True or false A predator prey relationship is
an example of mutualism. A False
Q What is the process by which autotrophs capture
and transform energy for use in an ecosystem. A
photosynthesis
Q What is the main autotroph in the worlds
oceans? A Phytoplankton
Q In what form of energy is energy stored in the
tissues of organisms? A chemical energy
Q What is meant by the term trophic level? A A
feeding level in the food chain of an ecosystem.
Q What is a detritivore? A An organism that
feeds on small pieces of dead plant or animal
matter
Q True or false A primary consumer is an
autotroph A False it is a heterotroph
Q True or false A predator in an ecosystem is at
the third trophic level. A True
Q True or false the energy transfer from one
trophic level to the next is 100 efficient. A
False
Q True or false Energy moves through an
ecosystem as the chemical energy of organic
matter A True
Q True or false Producers can capture and
transform radiant energy. A True
Q True or false energy may be stored in tissue
or lost as heat A True
Q Approximately how much energy is believed to be
available for transfer from one trophic level to
the next? A 10
Q How can biologists show the transfer of energy
or energy flow within an ecosystem? A food
chains or food webs
Q Identify two ways a consumer loses energy so
that it cannot be passed onto the next trophic
level. A cellular respiration gives off heat,
energy stored in the tissues.
Q What is biomass? A The total amount of matter
(mass) of living material in an ecosystem at a
particular time
Q A large gum tree has a number of organisms
living on it. What would the numbers pyramid for
this ecosystem look like? A First level would be
the smallest since only 1 tree, then follows
normal pattern
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Q Distinguish between a numbers pyramid and a
biomass pyramid. A The numbers pyramid shows
numbers or organisms at each level while a
biomass pyramid shows the actual mass of the
organisms at each trophic level.
Q Distinguish between a numbers pyramid and an
energy pyramid. A The numbers pyramid shows
numbers or organisms at each level while an
energy pyramid shows the amount of energy
entering each trophic level of an ecosystem over
a period of time.
Q True or false A pyramid of energy cannot be
inverted A True
Q What trophic level(s) would be occupied by a
carnivorous plant? A both producer and consumer
Q Name three forms of organic carbon. A
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Q Name the inorganic form of carbon found in the
atmosphere. A Carbon dioxide
Q What is bioaccumulation? A The accumulation of
non biodegradable matter in the tissues of one
organism, past along from the previous one in the
food chain
Q What is a population? A The number of a
specific species living in a particular area at a
particular time.
Q Why is nitrogen important for living things? A
Required to produce proteins (for tissue
production and metabolic processes ) and nucleic
acids (reproduction and tissue production)
Q Name the two organic chemicals that contain
nitrogen A Protein, nucleic acids
Q In what form can carbon be stored in the
ground? A fossil fuels, limestone
Q What is meant by the distribution of
populations? A The spread of members of a
population over a given area.
Q Why is water important to all living things?
A Required for metabolic processes, transport,
hydration of cells.
Q In what form do plants take up nitrogen from
the soil? A ammonium ions, nitrate ions
Q What type of organism is able to fix nitrogen
for use by plants? A nitrogen fixing bacteria (eg
Azotobacter, Rhizobium, Frankia)
Q True or false Populations affect other
populations A True
Q Name two ways water enters the atmosphere. A
transpiration, evaporation
Q How does water return to the soil for use by
organisms? A precipitation (rain)
Q What is a limiting factor? A A factor that may
restrict the distribution of a species.
Q True or false Increases in prey population
size are expected to be followed by an increase
in predator population size. ATrue
Q Give an example of a change in an ecosystem
that is due to human intervention. A
deforestation, mining, oil spills, pollution etc
Q Identify a sporadic change agent that acts on
an ecosystem. A drought, floods
Q Identify a regular change agent that acts on
an ecosystem. A seasonal climatic changes, tides
Q True or false Population size is the result of
birth, death and migration rates. A True
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You have not found a mate go back two spaces.
You have not found shelter miss a turn
You have entered a mutualistic relationship move
ahead 2 spaces.
You have gotten a parasite go back 3 spaces
You do not enough oxygen to respire, miss a turn
Your temperature has dropped, you need to move
around. Move forward 1 space
Your temperature is too high, so you have become
lethargic. Miss a turn.
You have been eaten go back three spaces
You are infested with fleas and cannot stop
scratching, miss a turn.
Global warming means an increase in carbon
dioxide you are able to photosynthesise more,
move forward 2 places.
You have been successful hunting, and have caught
some prey. Move forward 4 spaces.
You have out competed a competitor, move ahead 2
spaces.
You have been out competed by a predator, move
back 2 spaces.
You have no shelter, move back 3 spaces.
You have found a good place to shelter, move
forward 1 space.
You have found a suitable mate, move forward 3
spaces.
The habitat has changed, but you do not have the
structural adaptation to find enough food. Miss a
turn.
The habitat has changed, and you have a
structural adaptation that allows you to find
enough food. Move forward 3 spaces.
A dam has been built and the water flow is
reduced, move back 1 space.
There has been a prolonged drought and the water
way is drying up. Move back 2 spaces.
There has been a flash flood and it has washed
away your shelter, move back 3 spaces.
There has been a flood and this has provided you
with more food, move forward 3 spaces.
The drought has reduced your food supply, miss a
turn,
The temperature is too low for bacteria and fungi
to break down dead organisms, so less nutrients
for the soil, miss a turn.
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The myelin sheath of your motor neurons is
deteriorating and you cannot control your
movements. Miss a turn.
The temperature is cold and your are shivering
keeping core temperature within tolerance limits.
Move forward 1 space.
You have entered into a mutualistic relationship,
move forward 2 spaces.
A bush fire ahs destroyed your habitat, move back
3 spaces.
You have been poisoned by a taipan. Miss a turn.
You have successfully infected a host, move
forward 2 spaces.
Not enough hormone produced to rehydrate blood.
Go back 1 space.
Auxin causes growth for maximum exposure to
sunlight move forward 2 spaces.
You have been bitten by a red back spider. Go
back 2 spaces.
Your population has increased beyond the carrying
capacity of the habitat, miss a turn.
Auxin causes growth of roots in the correct
direction. Move forward 1 space.
You are feeding up to get ready for hibernation.
Move forward 1 space.
You are getting ready to migrate to winter
feeding grounds. Miss a turn.
You have reached your summer feeding grounds
after a long migration, move forward 1 space.
You have learned to use a tool to obtain bugs,
move forward 1 space.
You have been stung by a scorpion, go back 1
space.
You have been eaten by a shark, go back 3 spaces.
You have finished your transect and can leave the
ecosystem. Move forward 1 space.
Conditions are right for germination, move
forward 1 space.
You have accumulated too much DDT in your tissues
and cannot produce viable offspring. Miss a turn.
You are not able to get enough nitrogen, miss a
turn.
Your habitat has been restored, move forward 2
spaces.
You have been out competed for your territory,
miss a turn.
You have successfully communicated to find food.
Go forward 1 space.
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You dont have enough water, go back 2 spaces.
You have caught in a cyclone and your habitat has
been destroyed, miss a turn.
You have been caught in an oil spill, go back 3
spaces.
You have been sheltered from a predator by an
anemone, move forward 2 spaces.
Due to a drought, the salinity of the water is
getting higher, go back 2 spaces.
You have been exposed for too long on the rock
platform and are starting to dehydrate, go back 2
spaces
You are fighting over a mate, miss a turn.
You have ingested a poison that blocks receptor
sites in neurons, miss a turn.
You are loosing too much water, so close stomata
and now cannot photosynthesise. Move back 1 space.
You are in soil that is waterlogged and roots
cannot get enough oxygen. Miss a turn.
Severe wave action has dislodged you from the
rocks, go back 1 space.
Not enough water, you are starting to wilt. Go
back 2 spaces.
Waterway has been polluted by heat, lack of
oxygen. Go back 2 spaces.
The remora fish cleaned off parasites, go forward
1 space.
Increased water flow in the river, move forward 2
spaces.
Your claws allowed you to break apart a rotting
log to get to termites, move forward 2 spaces.
You only come out at night to avoid the heat of
the day, go forward 1 space.
Ice cap is melting, so unable to get enough food,
go back 2 spaces.
You have poisoned an attacker, go forward 1 space.
You go and lie under a tree to avoid overheating,
miss a turn.
You successfully escape a predator, move forward
2 spaces.
You are hyperventilating, so too much CO2, go
back 1 space.
Your receptors have detected an increase in
internal body temperature and responded, move
forward 2 spaces.
You are basking in the sun to raise your internal
body temperature. Go forward 1 space