ESP (English for specific purposes)

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????????? ESP (English for specific purposes)
e-Learning Shu-Chiao TSAI (???) Ph. D in
Material Sciences University of Paris XI
(ORSAY) Department of Applied Foreign Languages
National Kaohsiung University of Applied
Sciences ?????????????
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• ????  1.???????????????  2.???????????????
•   3.???????????????
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?? ?????? 2008?????????????????? 1.
????? 2. ??? 3. ???????? 4.
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1.??????????.??? (?????????????????)
????????????? (1) ???????????? (2)
????????????????? (3) ???????,??????????
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??????? 1. ????,??????????????
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??,????????????????? ??,???,???????????? 3.
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??????? 4. ??????????????,????? ??,???????
????????????,????????????? 5. ??????,??????,?????
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1. ???? ?????,????? 2. ????????????????????
mechanical ? meaningful 3. ????????
(Daniel H. Pink???????????) ?? ???
???? ???????
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1979?,????????????,??????????????????1984?,????
?????????(John Lasseter)??????????,?????(Pixar)??
??????1986?,??????(Steve Jobs)?1000?????????????
????,????????????2006?,????????74?????,???????????
???
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1.??????????(Steve Jobs) ???????????
????????????,??????????????????????,??????????????
????????
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??????????????????????,???????????????????(you
cant connect the dots looking forward you can
only connect them looking backwards) ??????,??????
??,???????????????????,????,????,????,????????????
????,????????????
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???? ???????????,10????????,???20????????????30??,
??????????????????????,????,?????????,????????(Pix
ar)?NeXT,???????????????,NeXT??????,?????????
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????????,??????,????????????????????????,?????????
??????????????,??????????????????(And the only
way to do great work is to love what you
do)? ??????????,???,??????????,????????????,??????
???,???????????????,??????,???,????
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?? ????17???,?????????????????????,?????????????
????????????????????,?????????????????
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???????,?????????????????????????--???????????????
???????????????????????,??????????????,???????????
??????????????(have the courage to follow your
heart and intuition. They somehow already know
what you truly want to become),????????????
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I. ESP E-learning?????????
the rapid development and fierce
competitions of business and industry, English
skills are deemed as an important tool to compete
in the world. Meanwhile, a high level of
professional skills and experiences are also
required for the job market With .
???????????,????????????????,?(?)??????????????
?????????????
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One of three goals of foreign language
education identified by the Ministry of Education
for vocational educational system is to provide
students with the foreign language ability that
is necessary to succeed in the job market and
with an advanced professional knowledge.
????????????????????,?????????????,????????
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• ESP ?????
• (English for Specific Purposes, ESP)
• ?is well known as a learner-centered
• approach to teaching English as a
• foreign language -??????
• ?meets the needs of learners who need
• to learn English for use in their specific
• fields, such as business, science,
• technology, medicine, leisure, and
• academic learning. -????????

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The origin of ESP Hutchinson and Waters
(1987) stated that there are three reasons in
common for the emergence of all ESP (1)
the demands of a Brave New World
?????????? (2) a revolution in linguistics
??????? (3) focus on the
learner ?????????
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• There are some problems in the development
  of ESP course in Taiwan. (Lai, C. Y. (2005). A
  study on applied English department students
  needs for taking English for specific purposes
  courses and students perceptions of an effective
  ESP teacher. Master dissertation, Southern Taiwan
  University of Technology, unpublished. )
• (1) There is a lack of qualified ESP teachers
  who
• have pedagogical skills, real work
  experience,
• and knowledge. -??????
• (2) There is a lack of relevant curricula and
• materials that can reflect or meet the
  needs
• of industries so that students can get
  more
• practice and skills before entering the
  job
• market.
• -??????????????????

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(3) Students are expected to have a higher
level of English skills in order to have
better outcome or performance in learning
ESP courses. But, as students in the
vocational education generally have a
lower English proficiency, it becomes
more difficult for students, even for
teachers to learn and teach ESP courses.
?????????????????????
????????????????????? ???????,????????????
? ?????
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I.?????????
E-learning combined with wireless networks
provides an interactive, easy, fast and active
learning environment which allows
anytime-anywhere access and resources for
learners. ???????????????????,??????????????????
?
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E-learning is a learner-centered
educational system. This value and benefit
corresponds to the requirement of ESP, in which
content and method are based on the learner's
needs. ????????????,????????????????????
???
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Now the Taiwan government is promoting
Challenge 2008 as a national project that
includes two programs. One program, Dual
Stars, stimulates the development of
biotechnology and digital content. ?
Courseware can be defined as the application
of digital content in education ???2008?????????
?????? -??????????????????? ?
??????????????
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Integrating technology with instruction has
become a very effective tool for learning.
Drawing lessons from the American experience, it
was suggested that the development of
instruction-oriented software is one of the most
important issues in promoting the e-learning
industry in Taiwan. (Song et al., 2005)
???????????????
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???????? ???????????????????????????,??????
??????????????,????????????????????????,??????????
???????????????????????????????
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Our mission and vision Our aim is to
establish the ability in higher education
system to develop ESP courseware and
incorporate them into teaching, which helps
learners from different fields ? upgrade
the level of knowledge, ???? ? improve
English skills, ?????? ? gain relevant
abilities applicable to the job
market. ??????
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It is believed that the development and
integration of ESP courses into teaching/learning
would be a solution. This development of ESP
courses related to job markets can make Applied
Foreign Languages /English departments different
from general Foreign Languages /English
departments in the traditional universities. ????
???????????????????? ??,????????????????????
(EOP, English for Occupational Purposes)
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II. Features Types of ESP Courseware
?????????
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• In general, the features of courseware include
• ? Integration ???
• they include features of several media
• (audio, video, images, text, pictures
• and animated movies etc) to communicate
• learning information.
• ? Interaction ???
• they provide mutual communication
• between learners and the computer so that
• learners motivation and participation are
• enhanced.

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• the content features of courseware
• ? Familiarity ???
• they provide users with a user-friendly
• learning environment.
• ? Non-linearity ???
• they provide more resources and
• information for learners by hypermedia,
• and an on-line inquiry function is also
  provided.

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• the content features of courseware
• ? Simultaneity ???
• they provide latest developments or
  information for learners through the Internet.
• ? Virtuality ???
• they provide a virtual world that nearly
• looks like the real one through
• computers, which will promote learning
• interest and efficiency.

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II. Types of ESP Courseware
1. Drill Practice Type Self-pacing and
personalized feedback are its features to provide
a practical learning environment that helps
learners become more proficient or experienced in
applying what learners have previously learned.
?????????????????,?????????,???????????????
??????
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II. Types of ESP Courseware
2. Tutorial Type Courseware can play the
role of teachers to present teaching content
according to the level of the students, help
their learning, and evaluate their learning
outcomes. ????????????,????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???
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II. Types of ESP Courseware
3. Simulation Type It helps enhance the
learning motivation of learners and presents a
model of a real or imaginary situation in which
learners can act out real-life experience, make
decisions and solve problems.
???????????????????????,??????????????,???????????
,??????????,??????????
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II. Types of ESP Courseware

• Game Type
• Game type courseware or learning materials
  are designed to be interesting, motivating and
  involve the player in a purposeful activity to
  attain a goal or achieve a mission.
• ?????????????,??????????????????,????????
  ???????????,??????????????????????

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II. Types of ESP Courseware

• ???? (Problem-solving Type)
• Problem-solving has been defined as
  higher-order cognitive process that allows
  learners to know how to proceed from a given
  state to a desired goal state.
• ?????????????????????,?????????,??????????
  ?,??????????????,????????

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II. Types of ESP Courseware
6. Collaborative Learning It refers
to a collection of tools which learners can use
to assist, or be assisted by others. Such tools
include virtual classrooms , Internet, chat,
discussion, application sharing.
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II. Types of ESP Courseware

• Integrative Learning
• Including all the features in the other
  types
• mentioned above, it also provides a
  learning management system to effectively record
  the learning course for learners or teachers
  reference.
• ?????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????,?????????????????????????????
  ??,??????????

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III. ESP Courseware Development
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Courseware, also called instructional or
educational software, is widely used in higher
education as an integral part of the courses.
Multimedia courseware can offer a pedagogical
improvement on traditional teaching methods
(Alessi and Trollip, 2001). The
success or failure of courseware depends on the
quality of its content.
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• 1.Courseware design
• Designing ESP courseware is a multi-
• disciplinary task, including
• ? English related to specific professions,
• ? information technology
• ? multimedia functions

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The basic steps to develop ESP courseware ?
Background Analysis ? Data Mining Selection ?
Structure Production of Content Editing
/ Translation / Evaluation ? Digitization of
Content Texts / Audio / Video / Pictures
? Multimedia Design ? Integration of Content
System ? Test Modification ? Completion of
Courseware
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2. English learning ???? The learning units
include ? relevant vocabulary ??
? proper pronunciation ?? ? reading ?
? listening ? ? speaking ? ?
writing ? ? translation ? for
learners to practice applying the five
English skills listening, speaking, reading,
writing, and translation.
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3. Evaluation ?????? An on-line evaluation
system combined with a self-checking function is
provided to help learners understand their
learning progress and allow them to get a
simultaneous feedback in learning. ?
Cloze Test ? Sentence Restructuring
? Listening Test ? Translation Writing
(English ?? Chinese) All the questions in each
test are randomly chosen by the software system
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IV. Case Study ???? Applications of ESP
Courseware in Education - ESP courseware
for Meetings - ESP courseware for
Semiconductor
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• V. Conclusions Perspectives ?????
• The feature of the courseware is that it
  integrates professional knowledge with the basic
  skills of English learning. Included are
  vocabulary usage, pronunciation practice,
  speaking opportunities, translation practice,
  listening practice and writing exercises.
• ????????????????????????????????

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2. ??????,????????????? Through
collaboration with other departments and
industries, the development of ESP
courseware can be expanded to other
professional fields in order to enhance the
professional and English skills of learners in
different fields.
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3. ????????????,??????? ????????????????????
?????,?????????,???
???????????????? In the future, the
courseware will be integrated into courses
for students in different programs or with
different backgrounds, to get more information
about the effectiveness of content design,
teaching practices and learning performance.
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???? Skills of Foreign Languages ??????
Diverse Professional Content ????????????
Wireless, IT Multimedia ? ???????????? E-Learni
ng Industry of English Education Worse ???? ?
? Better ! ! ! !
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???? ???? ?? ???????? Expertise is your only
way for survival. ? Whats your expertise?
????? ??????? Little difference makes you
survive. ? How do you make the difference?
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Thanks ?????????? Merci ! ?? ! ??? achiao_at_cc.kua
s.edu.tw