Endocrine System

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Endocrine System
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Anatomy of the Endocrine System
Which organs did you not expect to be included as
endocrine organs? List some of the general
functions of hormones.
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Pituitary Gland
(See similar figure in your packet)
Why is this gland considered an important link
between the nervous and endocrine systems? What
is a tropic hormone?
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Hypothalamic Control of Endocrine Organs
How do these regulatory hormones get to the
adenohypophysis?
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic?
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Hypothalamic Regulation of Endocrine Glands
This figure is also found in your course packet.
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Hypothalamic Regulation of Blood Glucose Between
Meals
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Neurosecretory Cells in the Hypothalamus
Name at least 3 hormones involved in regulating
water balance.

• The neurohypophysis develops from
• Telencephalon
• Diencephalon
• Mesencephalon
• Rhombencephalon

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Hypothalamic Regulation ofWater Balance
This figure is also found in your course packet.
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Thyroid Gland
Which mineral is essential in the production of
hormones from thyroid follicles? What is
thyroglobulin? Which endocrine cells produce
thyrocalcitonin?
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Parathyroid Glands
Describe the complete homeostatic mechanism
involving parathyroid hormone and
thyrocalcitonin. Why is calcium regulation so
important to body function? (Name at least 3
functions of Ca2.)
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Calcium Homeostasis (review)
Ca
Ca
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Adrenal Glands
Cells of the adrenal cortex are derived from
mesoderm. Where are the cells of the adrenal
medulla from? How is hormone release from the
adrenal cortex controlled? from the adrenal
medulla?
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Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Systemin the
Regulation of Water Balance
This figure is also found in your course packet.
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Pancreas
The pancreas also has an exocrine function.
Where are these products released? Describe the
overlapping homeostatic mechanisms involving
insulin and glucagon.
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Glucose Homeostasis
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Reproductive Glands
Ovarian hormones include estrogens, progesterone,
relaxin and inhibin. The testes produce
testosterone and inhibin. (Table 23.8) The
placenta also produces estrogen and progesterone.
Why?
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Other Endocrine Tissues and Their Secretions

• Pineal gland Melatonin
• What is the significance of its location near the
  thalamus?
• Why is it significant that this gland is
  innervated by sympathetic nerves?
• Thymus gland Thymosin
• What effect might a reduction in thymosin
  production have on ones ability to defend
  against disease?
• Adipocytes Leptin
• How is obesity hypothesized to be related to
  early puberty?

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Continued

• Heart Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
• What does the name of this hormone tell you about
  its action?
• Stomach Gastrin
• Briefly describe the positive feedback mechanism
  involving Gastrin
• Kidneys Erythropoietin
• What is the target tissue for this hormone?