Jakarta Floods

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Jakarta Floods
Hongjoo Hahm World Bank JanJaap
Brinkman Deltares - Delft Hydraulics
The World Bank
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Jakarta flood management

• Part 1 The basics - Spatial Planning
• Part 2 The flood of February 2007
• Part 3 No-regret measures
• Part 4 Tide and High tide floods
• Part 5 Water specialist center, short-term
  actions
• Part 6 Actions and financing structure

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Part 1The basics Spatial planningWe live
in a changing world
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Total urban area (java-bali spatial plan) 2000
- 2025
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Total urban area (java-bali spatial plan) 2000
- 2025
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It is really happening Landuse, Jabodetabek
1992
2002
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It is really happening Urban area, G.
Pangrango 1992 - 2001
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Slow runoff Non-Urban
Land-use Rainfall runoff (Katulampa)
0.9
m3/s
0
400
Fast runoff Urban
m3/s
0
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Part 2Flood February 2007Hydrology
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Daily rainfall Feb 2
Feb 1 0700 Feb 2 0700
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Daily rainfall Feb 4
Feb 3 0700 Feb 4 0700
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Inflow Ciliwung Febr 2007Katu Lampa - Manggarai
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16
15
14
13
12
10
11
9
8
7
6
6
5
4
3
2
1
Katu Lampa
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Flood February 2007Hydraulics Flood extent

• Unique
• Complete upstream-downstream flood modelling
  framework now available for all major drainage
  including all 13 rivers

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West Banjir canal
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Part 3No-regret ST MeasuresRehabilitationRes
tore original-available design capacity-Dredging
-Dike improvement
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1. Confirmation of Scope of Works
C River Embankment Rehabilitation
West Banjir Canal Longitudinal Section
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1 August 2007
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1. Confirmation of Scope of Works
C River Embankment Rehabilitation
Cengkareng Floodway Longitudinal Section
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1 August 2007
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1. Scope of Works
A Urgent Maintenance Dredging
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West banjir canaldesign
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No-regret ST MeasuresEast-Banjir Canal
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Cakung
WBC
EBC
Manggarai

• Stepwise approach
• Cipinang-Sunter-Buaran-Cakung
• (With increased Cipinang-Sunter capacity)
• Finish EBC-NE stretch
• Optimize Manggarai gate
• Connect with Ciliwung

Sunter
Cipinang
Ciliwung
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Increase capacity
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Increase capacity
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No-regret ST Measures EBC-CAK-CIL-Manggarai
Simulation 2007
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EBC-CAK-CIL-Manggarai
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(No Transcript)
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Part 4Tidal analysisHigh Tide floods
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Animation of tide in South China Sea
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Spring tide analysis
Astronomic tide

• Prediction based on analysed tidal constituents
  Tanjung Priok
• Only spring tides are plotted
• Upper plot 18.6 year cycle caused by eliptical
  orbit moon
• Lower plot semi-annual cycle presumably caused
  by interaction diurnal and semi-diurnal
  spring-neap cycle

Sea level anomaly
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Flood event June 2007
flooding reported at June 14, 10.00 pm
February 2007, not exceptional

• Increase in water level due to MSLA
• Spring tide (at semi-annual high)

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Future high spring tides
Next semi-annual high spring tide October 29,
November 26, December 24 -2007, January 21
Following semi-annual high spring tide June 4,
2008 ?Month with the highest average MSLA!
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November 26, 2007
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Subsidence
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1980
Land-use change
2003
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Pluit 1989, 2007, 2025(Positive view)
Nov 1989
Nov 2007
Nov 2025
Pasar Ikan cm
Nov 26, 2007
Climate change Sea level rise
Critical level 2007
Oct 29, 2007
subsidence
40-60 cm
subsidence
40-60 cm
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Pluit 1989, 2007, 2025(Positive view)
Nov 1989
Nov 2007
Nov 2025
Pasar Ikan cm
Nov 26, 2007
Climate change Sea level rise
Sea level Nov 26
Oct 29, 2007
Critical level 2007
18.6 year cycle
subsidence
2025 80-100 cm increase
40-60 cm
subsidence
40-60 cm
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High tide floods 2007 Signs of a sinking
Jakarta
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Jadebotabek Water Resources Management Study
(JWRMS,1994)
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Part 5Strong knowledge baseShort-term
action
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Flood Hazard Mapping

• Still a lot of confusion!!
• Who is right?
• Who is going to solve this?
• Who dares to make decision?
• One storey from specialists required!
• Water knowledge center for DKI - Jabodetabek

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Part 5Actions and Financing mechanism
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ACTION PLAN

• Short Term
• Dredging / East Banjir Canal / Manggarai Gate
• Stop Ground Water Extraction (industrial)
• Early Warning System
• Strict Building Codes

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ACTION PLAN

• Medium Term
• Bulk Water Supply
• Stop Ground Water Extraction (household)
• Solid Waste Management
• Low Income Housing / Slum Improvement

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ACTION PLAN

• Long Term
• Water Quality
• Water Retention Basin / Catchment Area / Sea
  Defense
• Land Use and Spatial Planning

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Jakarta Floods

• Hongjoo Hahm
• World Bank
• JanJaap Brinkman
• Deltares Delft Hdraulics

Thank you!
The World Bank