Imperivm Romanvm

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Imperivm Romanvm

• Ancient Rome
• A world inside a world
• http//myweb.lmu.edu/fjust/Rome-Platner.htm

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A Quote By Vitruvius

• Italy, lying between the north and south,
  combines the advantages of each, and her
  preeminence is well founded and beyond dispute.
  She can repel the assaults of the northern
  barbarians, she can defeat the ploys of the
  southerners. A divine intelligence placed the
  city of the Roman people in an excellent and
  temperate country, so that she might acquire the
  right to rule over the whole world.

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The Origins of Rome

• One myth that was said to be the creator of Rome
  was that of The She Wolf. There were twin
  brothers named Remus and Romulus around 753 BC.
  They were said to be raised by a female wolf.
  Also believed to be sons of the war God Mars. The
  boys grew into men and settled where they had
  been found by the she wolf. They fought with one
  another and Romulus killed Remus. They settlement
  that the two were raised on, became known as Rome
  after Romulus.
• http//www.igougo.com/planning/journalEntryFreeFor
  m.asp?JournalID33108EntryID18909nTheCapitoli
  neShe-WolfandTheOriginsofRome

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Another Myth

• This myth states that the Romans were the
  descendants of a great warrior- a Trojan prince
  called Aenas.

http//www.pantheon.org/areas/gallery/mythology/eu
rope/roman/aeneas.html
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In The Beginning

• Archaeological evidence suggests that Rome began
  about 1600 BC as a collection of small round
  wooden huts built on a group of seven hills near
  the river Tiber on the borders of Etruria in
  central Italy.
• Rome was a kingdom until 509 BC when the Etruscan
  King was driven out.
• Rome became a republic and was ruled by two
  consuls elected from the senate each year.
• The senate ran the government of Rome and it
  advised the consuls.

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Social Status

• Leading families were known as patricians and
  everybody who was not a patrician was a
  plebeians.
• Plebeians were bankers and merchants, and others
  were simple farmers
• Since all were Roman citizens all were entitled
  to vote in elections.
• Women had no rights- dependant on fathers and
  husbands.

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Expansion

• In time expansion was not marked by victories but
  by defeat.
• With the except of defeat, the Romans returned
  with the knowledge of what they did wrong and
  came back with more force.
• By 280 BC the Romans were a major power in the
  Mediterranean.
• Later down the road troubles with the settling
  Greeks in southern Italy arouse.
• Contact with the Greeks had profound effects on
  the Romans.
• Greeks were more cultured and educated than
  Romans. Rich Romans bought Greeks to be their
  accountants and scribes.
• Most of what Romans know had come from Greek
  culture and societies.

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Overcoming Obstacles

• Rome's hardest test was against Spain's
  Carthaginian General Hannibal in 218 BC.
• With the conquest of Carthage came new lands
  stretched from Spain to Northern Africa.
• During the second century BC Rome also overcame
  Greece and Asia Minor (modern Turkey).
• Some countries in Europe were allies.
  http//www.csmonitor.com/2005/0111/p15s02-bogn.htm
  l

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Early Forms of Geology

• The Greek, Roman, and Arabic civilizations
  contributed to the knowledge of the Earth.
• Many philosophers did not leave many records
  behind.
• Fossils were recorded around 540 BC
• Aristotle believed eruptions and earthquakes were
  from violent winds escaping from Earth.
• Eratosthenes in about 200 BC made measurements of
  the circumference of the earth by plotting angles
  between the perpendicular and the suns rays at
  two locations on the same meridian. Giving earths
  curvature.
• Arabs recognized magnetic properties of magnetite
  and used it to make crude compasses.

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• "URBEM LATERICIUM INVENIT, MARMOREA RELIQUIT -
  (Augustus) found a city of bricks and left a city
  of marble" this proud statement by the emperor
  Augustus summarized the new aspect of the city at
  the beginning of the Roman Empire. The Romans had
  an advanced knowledge of masonry techniques and,
  unlike other ancient civilizations, they did not
  need large blocks of stone to build their
  monuments. The use of the arch and a very
  powerful cement allowed them to erect gigantic
  brickwork buildings, which were then embellished
  by applying slabs of marble.

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• Travertine is a yellowish limestone formed by the
  precipitation of calcium carbonate. It was found
  in large quantities near Ponte Lucano, where
  there are still several quarries in operation.No
  doubt travertine is the stone of Rome. The
  Colosseum and Bernini's St. Peter's Colonnade are
  the best known examples of travertine monuments.
• http//www.romeartlover.it/stones.html

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• Red granite columns in the Pantheon and in S.
  Maria degli Angeli. Granite is a very hard
  igneous rock made up of feldspar, mica and
  quartz. The particles of quartz give it some
  shining effects. The granite used in Rome was
  either grey or pink.
• http//www.romeartlover.it/stones.html

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Other Rocks Used

• The Romans initially relied on the marbles used
  by the Greeks, but they found in the mountains
  near the town of Luni (today Carrara) a source of
  white marble which could compete with the Greek
  marbles.
• A type of white marble is Botticino. A white
  marble from Brescia in northern Italy. Used on
  the monument to Victor Emmanuel.
• Another rock is Porphyry . A hard igneous rock
  which is the most famous type of deep red colors.
  Came from Egypt and was used on the Temple of
  Romulus.

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• The Arch of Constantine- Rome, Italy
• A Triumphal Arch built in 315 BC
• Its style is Ancient Roman Corinthian.
• http//www.greatbuildings.com/types/styles/roman.h
  tml

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• The Pantheon- Rome, Italy
• Built in Ancient Rome around 118 to 126 AD
• Has a great domed hall with an oculus
• http//www.greatbuildings.com/types/styles/roman.h
  tml

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• Roman Colosseum
• Ancient Rome
• Built around 70 to 82 AD
• Consists of arches and half-columns of Doric,
  Ionic, and Corinthian orders.
• http//www.greatbuildings.com/types/styles/roman.h
  tml

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In the End

• The Roman Empire has been one of mans greatest
  achievements.
• The empire gave to its people a common language
  and one currency.
• Today the roman alphabet is still used
• Romans created concrete, glass windows, the dome,
  central heating, public health, public baths,
  hospitals, a postal service, international trade.
  Also roads and aqueducts and these buildings
  still survive.
• Even today the language of Latin is dead, it is
  still taught in schools today.
• http//www.atpm.com/6.11/france/Pont-du-Gard-1.sht
  ml

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Works Cited

• Cunliffe, Barry. Rome and Her Empire. McGraw-Hill
  Book company. 1978.
• Camelot Village. The Origins of Rome.
  http//www.camelotintl.com/romans/origins.htm.
  4/18/05.
• NSW Department of Primary Industries/Minerals.
  http//www.minerals.nsw.gov.au/prodServices/minfa
  cts/minfacts_60. 4/18/05.
• The Stones of Rome. http//www.romeartlover.it/sto
  nes.html. 4/18/05.
• The Great Buildings Collection.
  http//www.greatbuildings.com/types.html.
  4/18/05.
• The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome.
  http//myweb.lmu.edu/fjust/Rome-Platner.htm.
• The Capitoline She Wolf and The Origins of Rome.
  http//www.igougo.com/planning/journalEntryFreeFo
  rm.asp?JournalID33108EntryID18909nThe
  CapitolineShe-WolfandTheOriginsofRome