Matter

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Matter Energy

• Created by Mrs. Alexander

Enter
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Directions

• Work with your partner to complete this e-book.
• Begin with Unit 1.
• Read each page together out loud.
• Take your time! This is not a race.
• Keep all of your work in your binder and turn in
  at the end of the week.
• Quizzes will be given once or twice a week. Dates
  will be given ahead of time.
• Movies may only be viewed two times.
• Do your best!

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Table of Contents

• Unit 1 What is Matter?
• Unit 1 Activities
• Unit 2 What is Energy?
• Unit 2 Activities
• Unit 3 Energy Sources We Use
• Final Mission

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What is Matter?

• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up
  space.
• Objects made of matter have physical properties.
• Physical properties are characteristics of a
  substance that can be seen or measured. Color,
  hardness, and taste are examples of physical
  properties.

The physical properties of this orange are that
its round, orange, and soft.
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Partner Activity

• Take a moment with your partner to name the
  physical properties of the pictured object.

Check your answers.
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Pyramid Physical Properties

• Triangular
• Purple
• Shiny
• Hard
• Heavy

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Measuring Mass

• Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
• Mass is measured using a balance in grams.
• Mass of an object is always the same.

balance
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What is Weight?

• Weight is a measure of the pull of gravity on an
  object.
• Weight of an object can change.
• Example
• A car that weighs about 2,698 lbs on earth weighs
  about 450 lbs on the moon due the difference in
  the force of gravity.

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Measuring Mass by Volume

• Volume is the amount of space that an object
  takes up.
• Liquids can be measured using a graduated
  cylinder (see photo).
• Solids can be measured by using a calculation.
• Length x width x height

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Volume

• What if the object is an odd shape?
• Volume of irregular shapes can be found by
  placing them in water.
• Then, measure the amount of water that is
  displaced.

Click to watch and learn.
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Density

• Density is the amount of matter in a certain
  volume.
• The density of an object always stays the same.
• Density mass / volume

Click to watch and learn.
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3 States of Matter

• There are 3 states of matter that you are
  familiar with.
• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
• Visit BBCs website on the 3 states of mater.

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Solid
rock

• Has a shape and a definite volume.
• Feels firm when you touch it.
• The particles are packed closely together.
• Examples

candy
helmet
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Liquid
ocean

• Has a definite volume but no definite shape.
• The particles of a liquid move more freely.
• Can change shape.
• Examples

soup
soda
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Gas

• Gas does not have a definite shape or volume.
• The particles are freer to move around and move
  the fastest.
• Gas flows and takes the shape of the container.

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Changes Between States of Matter

• All substances can change states.
• Liquids can freeze. Freezing changes a liquid to
  a solid.

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Changes Between States of Matter

• Melting changes a solid to a liquid.
• Boiling changes a substance from a liquid to a
  gas.

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Mid-Unit Activities

• You must choose 1 activity from the next two
  slides to complete and turn in.
• Print off the worksheet on finding volume.
  Complete the worksheet and turn in.

Click here to get the worksheet.
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Unit 1 Activities

• Using Inspiration, create a diagram of the water
  cycle. Label each part and identify the state in
  which the water is in each phase.
• Complete the What Are Three States of Matter?
  worksheet.

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What is a Solution?

• A solution is a mixture in which different kind
  of matter mixed even with each other.
• Example Adding sugar to water
• A solution can only be made when one substance
  dissolves.
• Click to visit the mixture lab.

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Physical Changes

• Physical changes occur when matter changes its
  property but not its chemical nature.
• Physical property changes are any change in size,
  shape or state of a substance.

Sugar can undergo many physical changes. Even
though each form is different, they are still
sugar.
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Physical Change
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Chemical Changes

• Chemical changes are changes matter undergoes
  when it becomes new or different matter.
• To identify a chemical change look for signs such
  as color change, bubbling and fizzing, light
  production, smoke, and presence of heat.

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Chemical Changes

• Burning is an example of a chemical change.
• Light and warmth are released. Smoke, ash, and
  hot gases are produced.

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End of Unit 1 Activities

• You must complete each assignment and turn in.
• Complete the Recognize Vocabulary worksheet.
• Complete the How Can Matter Be Measured and
  Compared? worksheet.
• Unit 1 Test

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What is Energy?

• Energy is the ability to do work.
• Energy is the ability to cause changes in matter.
• Light, sound, heat, and electricity are forms of
  energy.

• There are two kinds of energy
• 1. Kinetic Energy
• 2. Potential Energy

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Electric Energy

• Electric energy is the energy produced by the
  movement of electrons.
• When an object gains or loses electrons, it has
  an electric charge.

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Electric Energy

• When an object has a charge, it attracts objects
  with the opposite charge.
• This is called an electrical force.
• An electric current is the flow of electrons from
  negatively charged objects to positively charged
  objects.

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Electric Current

• An electric current is the flow of electrons.
• To light a light bulb or run a computer, you need
  a continuous electric current.
• A battery or generator can be the source of
  electrons.

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Electric Energy

• Conductors of electricity are materials that
  carry electrons easily from one terminal to
  another.
• A conductor is used in the wire that makes an
  electric circuit. An electric circuit is any
  path in which electrons can flow.

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Electric Energy

• Go to the following website to learn more about
  electricity.
• Electricity and Magnetism
• Now, read the following website on creating
  electrical circuits. Take notes on a series and
  parallel circuit. Read carefully as you will
  need to complete an assignment on the next page.
• Electric Circuits

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Electricity Activity

• Use Inspiration to create a diagram of a series
  and parallel circuit.
• Label each part of the diagram.
• In a short paragraph below the diagrams, explain
  the difference between each circuit type.

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Unit 2 Activities

• Design a roller coaster that will be safe and fun
  for tourists.
• Once you have designed your coaster, draw and
  label it on graph paper or in Paint.
• Show where the potential and kinetic energy is
  located.
• In a brief paragraph, persuade your potential
  customers that your roller coaster is exciting
  and safe.
• Visit this website and follow the directions.
• Design a Roller Coaster
• Print and complete the Energy Forms Worksheet.
• Take the Section 2 online quiz.

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Energy Sources

• It comes from many different sources.
• Solar
• Chemical
• Water
• Nuclear
• Wind
• Natural Gas
• Fossil Fuels

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Solar Energy

• This is energy that comes from the sun.
• All living things depend on this energy.
• Does not damage the environment.
• Can be used for heat and electricity.

Click to watch and learn.
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Chemical Energy

• Energy stored in a substance and released during
  a chemical reaction such as burning wood, coal,
  or oil.

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Hydroelectric (Water) Energy

• Energy the comes from moving water.
• Dams are built to store water and generate
  electricity.
• Hydroelectric power is produced as water passes
  through a dam, and into a river below. The more
  water that passes through a dam, the more energy
  is produced.

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Nuclear Energy

• Energy that comes from splitting atoms of
  radioactive materials, such as uranium
• Used to produce electricity.

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Wind Energy

• Wind is air moving around.
• Wind is used to generate electricity.
• Windmills are used to create this electricity.
• Safe for the environment.

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Natural Gas

• An odorless, colorless, tasteless, non-toxic
  clean-burning fossil fuel.
• Over one-half of the homes in the U.S. use
  natural gas as their main heating fuel.
• It's used to produce steel, glass, paper,
  clothing, brick, electricity and much more! 

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Fossil Fuels

• Fuels (coal, oil, natural gas, etc.) that result
  from the compression of ancient plant and animal
  life formed over millions of years.
• Fossil fuels are oil, coal, natural gas, and
  uranium.

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Renewable Energy

• This type of energy can be replenished.
• An energy source that we can use over and over
  again.
• Renewable Energy Sources
• solar
• wind
• water

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Nonrenewable Energy

• This means that this type of energy cannot be
  made again.
• An energy source that we are using up and cannot
  recreate in a short period of time.
• Nonrenewable Energy Sources
• nuclear
• oil
• coal
• natural gas

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Fun Facts

• More homes in the United States are heated with
  natural gas than any other energy sources.
• The amount of fuel consumed in family vehicles in
  the United States each year is enough to cover a
  regulation-size football field to a depth of
  about 40 miles.

• If all the family vehicles in the United States
  were lined up bumper to bumper, they would reach
  from the Earth to the moon and back.
• Nine of every 10 tons of coal used in the United
  States are for electricity generation.

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Section 3 Activities

• Print and complete the Energy Sources worksheet.
  Use the information you learned and from the
  following websites to help you.
• Energy Quest
• Scroll to the bottom to click on different energy
  sources to learn more about them.
• Canada Science and Technology Museum

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Your Final Mission

• Find out how much energy you use at home.
• Print and complete the Home Energy Use worksheet.
• Take it home to find out how much energy you use.
• Complete the survey 2 times during the day, once
  before school and once in the evening.

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Mission Continued

• Create a graph using Excel showing the
  information you gathered.
• Using the data, create a plan to conserve, or
  save, energy in your home.
• Create a PowerPoint presentation outlining your
  plan to the class.
• See PowerPoint scoring guide.
• Take the final test online.