Bacterial Shapes and Groupings

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Bacterial Shapes and Groupings
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Bacteria are

• Unicellular
• May not always appear as single cells
• able to communicate with one another through a
  process called quorum sensing.
• they can function as a multi-cellular population
  rather than as individual bacteria.
• Often found in clumps, groups or chains
• Identified and named by
• Their shapes
• The way they appear in groups

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Shapes of Bacteria

• Most bacteria are one of three shapes (although
  there are a few other possibilities)
• Spherical
• Rod Shaped
• Spiral

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Coccus

• coccus (sing.)
• cocci (pl.)
• are spherical
• (coccus a berry)

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Streptococcus Staphylococcus
Grape-like Clusters
Chains
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Scanning Electron Micrograph of Streptococcus
pneumoniae
Image provided by Dr. Richard Facklam .Courtesy
of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Bacillus

• bacillus (sing.)
• bacilli (pl.)
• are rod-shaped
• (bacill(um) a little stick)

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E-Coli Bacillus
Appear in chains after division
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Spirillium- 3 Forms

• spirillum (sing.)
• spirilla (pl.)
• are spiral
• (spiro spiral, coil)

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Vibrio Cholerae Spirullium
Caption-- Vibrio cholerae - curved
(vibrio-shaped), rod prokaryote causes Asiatic
cholera.
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Spirochete
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Groupings/Arrangement of Bacteria
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Dipl0 Pair
Caption-- Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Gram-negative,
coccus prokaryote (dividing) causes gonorrhea.
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Tetra groups/squares of four
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Strepto chain
Caption-- Streptococcus pyogenes -
Gram-positive, coccus prokaryote (dividing).
Causes pharyngitis, food poisoning, puerperal
fever (childbed fever), scarlet fever, rheumatic
fever, skin and wound infections (erysipelas,
impetigo) . Group A Streptococcus.
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Staphylo clump
Caption-- Staphylococcus aureus -Gram-positive,
MRSA, coccus prokaryote (dividing) causes food
poisoning, toxic shock syndrome and skin and
wound infections such as scalded skin syndrome,
scarlet fever, erysipelas and impetigo.
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MRSA-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Image provided by Joyce Ayers. Courtesy of the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Sarcena cubes of eight
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Other Shapes
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Staphylococcus albus
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Streptobacillus nicolau
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Gaffkya tetragena
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Diplococcus pneumoniae
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Spirillum minus
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Bacterial Diseases
Scientific Name Disease and Body Part Affected
Diplococcus pneumoniae Pneumonialungs
Neisseria meningitides Meningitis--brain and spinal cord
Corynebacterium diphtheriae Diptherianasopharynx or skin
Bordetella bronchiseptica Bronchitisrespiratory tract
Clostridium tetani Tetanus-nervous system (lock jaw)
Myobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculosis--lungs
Staphylococcus epidermidis Staph InfectionSkin Mucous Membranes
Bordetella pertussis Pertussis/Whooping Cough--Lungs
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Bell Work

• Name at least 5 things that you have to do when
  we have a lab? WHY?