Napoleon: Reformer Or Conqueror? (1799-1815)

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Napoleon Reformer Or Conqueror?(1799-1815)

• Intro Background The Man
• Reformer
• Reforms
• Limits
• Conqueror
• Empire
• Draft
• Coalition
• Fall
• Legacy?

• Key Terms
• Plebiscite
• Concordat
• Napoleonic Code
• Lycées
• Conscription
• Russian Invasion
• Grand Army

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Announcements Extra Credit

• Friday 3/5 at 730 Otis Murphy (Classical
  Saxophonist) at Ludington Center for the Arts
• Gypsy March 12, 13 19, 20 at 730 March 14
  21 at 200 at Manistees Ramsdell Theater
• WSCC students will be admitted free if they make
  reservations at the WSCC Box Office M-F 8-1200
  or leave a message at 843-5507
• To do Attend the event write a summary (one
  page, single-spaced, typed, 350 word)
• Up to five points can be added to discussion grade

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Plebiscite(Napoleons Use of Democracy)
A direct vote by the people on a specific issue.

• Napoleon overthrew the Government (1799)
• 3,000,000 Approved
• 3,000 Disapproved
• Napoleon was named Emperor (1804)
• 3,500,000 Approved
• 2,600 Disapproved

He used rhetoric of Revolution to legitimize
his actions, but gave people very little choice.
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Concordat (Between Napoleon Pope in 1801)

• France reverted back to old calendar.
• Catholicism was the preferred religion of
  France.
• Catholic Church could control primary education.
• Church leaders had to take loyalty oaths to the
  government.

Pope Pius VII

• This was VERY popular in France.

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Napoleonic Code (1804)

• Established equality under the law and abolished
  privileges based on birth.
• Individuals may choose their own occupations.
• Fathers absolute authority over family was
  restored.

French coin minted in honor of the Napoleons Code
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Education Reforms

• Local churches controlled primary education
  open to boys girls.
• Established Lycées (high schools) public
  education system to train public servants.
• Established university of France

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Limits To Reforms

• No Freedom of the Press (only four
  state-controlled newspapers in Paris by 1811).
• Political opposition was crushed.
• Secret Police

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French Empire

• Napoleons Goal
• Control all of Europe
• Paris Capital
• Society based on Napoleonic Code
• How to pay?

• Sold Louisiana to US for 15,000,000

• Successes

• Skilled leader

• Conscription/Draft

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Conscription/Draft(Permanent Service Was
Expected)

• Each community was required to provide a quota
  of soldiers to fight.
• A Draft Lottery was conducted.
• Those drafted had to serve or hire a substitute.

• Demonstrates Napoleons TOTAL POWER!

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Coalition Against France

• A coalition was formed to fight France
• Great Britain, Prussia, Austria RussiaSpain

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Russian Invasion(1812)

• Napoleon gathered his Grand Army
• 600,000 troops vs. 160,000 Russians
• France successfully attacked in July Russians
  retreated (scorched-earth policy).

• French occupied Moscow, but were overextended
  retreated only 100,000 Grand Army troops
  remained.

• MAJOR mistake led to his downfall!

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Assumption Cathedral-1479(Where Tsars were
crowned Napoleon kept horses here)
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Impact of Napoleonic Invasion

• 1812 Memorial Arch recognizes the defeat of
  Napoleon.

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Napoleons Fall

• France was invaded defeated in 1814.
• He returned for 100 Days in 1815.
• He died in 1821 on the Island of St. Helena.

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Napoleons Legacy

• His reforms created opportunity for millions.
• France was devastated physically economically
  hundreds of thousands died.
• Influenced modern leaders
• Used military force to gain power and backed it
  up with rhetoric of Revolution.

Overall, was his legacy positive or negative for
the people of France?
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Napoleon Reformer Or Conqueror?(1799-1815)

• Intro Background The Man
• Reformer
• Reforms
• Limits
• Conqueror
• Empire
• Draft
• Coalition
• Fall
• Legacy?

• Key Terms
• Plebiscite
• Concordat
• Napoleonic Code
• Lycées
• Conscription
• Russian Invasion
• Grand Army