Philippe Marin

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Megacities Water Forum, Atlanta (Georgia) May 1-3
2006
Water Management in the Developing World the
Megacities Challenge
Philippe Marin Senior Water Specialist, The World
Bank
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Population growth in the 21st century
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Megacities in 2015
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The access challenge in Africa
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The challenge of the Millenium Development Goals
(MDGs)

• Reduce by half the population without access to
  safe water and adequate sanitation
• 1.5 billion people to gain access to safe water
• 2 billion people to gain access to adequate
  sanitation
• This means doubling annual investments from US
  15 billion per year to US 30 billion

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But the poor population keeps growing
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The constraints are not only financial

• Anarchic urban growth
• Conflict between land planning and illegal tenure
• What to do in a case like Managua, Nicaragua ?
• Limited capacity of local authorities

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Need for solutions adapted to social constraints
of population
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Water losses through illegal connections
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Inefficient utilities who suffers?
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Water losses around the world
85 of these losses are in developing country,
where public utilities are starving for
additional revenues to finance coverage
expansion, and most connected customers suffer
from intermittent supply and poor water quality
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The high cost of water losses in developing
countries

• 5 M 1/3 of what is needed to close the MDGs
  funding gap !!!

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The high cost of corruption

• WB Findings in South Asia (Davis, 2004)
• False readings 41 of customers had paid a
  bribe in last 6 months
• Illegal connections 20 of households admitted
  paying a bribe to utility staff
• Contractors 15 excess cost because of
  collusion
• Kickbacks 6-11 of contracts value

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Projected changes in precipitationfrom 1990 to
2100
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Impact of Sea level rise the Nile Delta
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Climate change adaptation challenge MDGs

• Rising sea level
• Contamination depletion of wells
• Increasing costs of water production
• Flooding affecting sanitation
• Most efforts to reach the water MDGs could be
  reduced to nothing, if climate change adaptation
  is not integrated into water development plans

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THANK YOU !