Bez tytulu slajdu

1
RABIES SURVEILLANCE IN POLAND BETWEEN 1992 - 2006
MARCIN SMRECZAK DEPARTMENT OF VIROLOGY NATIONAL
VETERINARY RESEARCH INNSTITUTE PULAWY, POLAND
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
2
Rabies is a viral disease of the central nervous
system that is almost always fatal In Poland
rabies is a notifiable disease under the
veterinary surveillance system Befor the Second
World War only few cases of rabies in foxes and
wolves were registered but these cases were not
laboratory confirmed
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
3
RABIES IN POLAND 1948-2006
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
4
LOCATION OF THE REGIONAL LABORATORIES INVOLVED IN
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF RABIES IN POLAND
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
5
LABORATORY METHODS PERFORMED IN FIELD
LABORATORIES FOR RABIES DIAGNOSIS

• Fluorescent antibody test FAT
• Mouse inoculation test MIT
• Rabies tissue culture inoculation test RTCIT

NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
6
In all cases in which human exposure has occurred
the animal brain negative for rabies in the FAT
must be confirmed by MIT
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
7
NATIONAL REFERENCE LABORATORY FOR RABIES

• RT-PCR (genotyping, differentiation of isolates)
• Sequencing for epidemiological analysis
• Real-time PCR

NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
8
NUMBER OF RABIES CASES IN POLAND 1991-2006
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
9
RESERVOIR OF RABIES VIRUS
Red fox
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
10
RABIES IN ANIMALS IN POLAND 1992 - 2006
Over the last 14 years 22 575 cases of rabies
have been recorded
18 555
3963
57
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
11
PER CENT RABIES CASES IN WILDLIFE IN POLAND 1992
- 2006
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
12
PER CENT RABIES CASES IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS IN
POLAND 1991-2006
955
1459
1468
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
13
ORAL VACCINATION OF FOXES IN POLAND
do 1998
Legenda
Most of the teritory in 2001
2001
2002
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
14
NUMBER OF RABIES CASES AFTER INTRODUCTION OF ORAL
VACCINATION OF FOXES
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
15
RABIES CASES IN POLAND IN 2004
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
16
RABIES CASES IN POLAND IN 2005
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
17
RABIES CASES IN POLAND IN 2006
Fox
Raccoon dog
Stone marten
Badger
Dog
Bat
Cat
Cattle
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
18
CONCLUSIONS

• Rabies surveillance system works in Poland
• Analysis of surveillance data from 1992 till 2006
  confirms foxes as the main reservoir and source
  of rabies virus in Poland
• Surveillance date confirm a decrising trend in
  animal
• rabies cases
• Decrising trend in rabies is an effect of
  introduction of OV of foxes in Poland

NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
19
Thank you for your attention
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
20
Thank you for your attention
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
21
NUMBER OF TESTED AND POSITIVE CASES IN YEARS 1999
- 2006
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
22
Fluorescent antibody test FAT

• impression or smears from diffrent parts of
  brain of investigated
• animals are doing on microscopic slides
• drying the impresion at room temperature
• fixing in pure acetone
• staining with specific FITC antyconjugate
• inspection (reading) under fluorescence
  microscope with
• appriopriate filter system

In all case in which human exposure has occured
the animal brain negative for rabies in the FAT
must be confirmed in MIT
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
23
Mouse inoculation test MIT

• performed on 3-4 week-old mice
• after anaesthetized with ether mice are
  inoculated
• intacerebrally with 0, 03 ml od 10 suspension
• Deaths occur within 48 hours after inoculation
  are consider
• as non- specific
• Death occur later than 48 hours after inoculation
  must be
• confirmed as rabies cases by FAT

NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
24
Thank you for your attention
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
25
Thank you for your attention
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007
26
NATIONAL VETERINARY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PULAWY,
POLAND
Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia,
Paris, 27-30 May 2007