Algonquians

1
Algonquians

• The tribes chief was called a sachem

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By Hyo Sung
2
Homes and Villages

• Wigwams, the Algonquian word for houses, had dome
  shaped tops.
• Algonquians used new trees and saplings to make a
  wigwam.
• The shape of the Wigwam was round.

3
Homes and Villages

• Tough tree barks were used in winter, light tree
  barks were used in summer.
• The opening on the wigwams ceiling let
  the smoke from cooking out. It was covered during
  strong weather.
• The males built the frame. The females covered
  the frame with tree barks.

4
Food

• If a hunter brought too much meat, he would host
  a feast and nobody was allowed to leave until the
  food was gone.
• Algonquians also ate seafood.
• Algonquians made food last long by drying or
  smoking.

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5
Clothing

• The Algonquians used animal hides and skins to
  make clothing.
• Clothes that Algonquians produced were simple and
  sturdy.
• At cold times, the Algonquians added more
  clothes.

6
Clothing

• In warm months men only wore a deer skin.
• The women and girls wore an apron wraparound
  skirt made of deer skin.
• No clothes were needed by any children during
  warm months.

7
Location and Environment

• The Algonquians didnt forget any natural
  resources.
• The Algonquians constructed small settlements
  near rivers and lakes.
• Most Algonquians are located near Maine.

8
Location and Environment

• Some Algonquian tribes pushed as far as North
  Carolina.
• Other tribes settled near the present city of
  Quebec and Ottawa.
• The land where many Algonquian tribes lived was
  covered with forests.

9
Weapons for Hunting and Fighting

• Arrows were made from dry wood.
• Bows were made from thin pieces of hickory, oak,
  beech, or rock maple branches.
• The males spent the whole summer making weapons
  and tools.

10
Weapons for Hunting and Fighting

• Animals tendons or tough plant fibers were used
  to string the bow.
• Bow and arrows were the main weapon for hunting.
• The men hung a noose to a sapling then left some
  bait.

11
Customs, Beliefs, and Religion

• Before the hunting started, the hunters prayed to
  the spirits for protection.
• Kautantowit, one of the Algonquian Gods, was a
  great minded spirit.
• There was also an evil minded spirit named
  Hanegoategeh.

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Customs, Beliefs, and Religion

• Both Gods were worshiped by the Algonquians.
• If there was a deadly disease or a flood,
  Algonquians believed that the spirits were angry.
• The hunter said sorry to an animal before killing
  it.

13
Roles of Men

• The males began hunting after the women finished
  harvesting.

14
Roles of Women

• Women broke up the soil for planting.
• Women harvested the crops.

15
Roles of Children

• Women and children made hunting easier for the
  hunters by checking the traps each day.
• Children helped their moms by tending the crops.

16
Leadership and Government

• Each Algonquian tribe was an independent nation.
• Almost all sachem were men.

17
Leadership and Government

• Couple sub sachem and a sachem made up a council.
• In order for a sachem to act, every other
  council member had to agree.
• Few times a year, the council met.

18
Arts and Crafts

• Algonquians used things such as porcupine quills
  and bird feathers.
• Things like berries were used to make colors.
• The Algonquians made themselves attractive by
  decorating.

19
Arts and Crafts

• Moose hair was also used for decoration.
• The hair took from the mane and the jowl of the
  moose was cleaned and dyed.
• Women embroidered designs with this hair.

20
Interactions with Europeans

• There were changes to the Indians life when the
  Europeans came.
• Both civilizations were friendly to each other.
• The Algonquians taught the Europeans.

21
Interactions with Europeans

• When the Europeans came, their diseases came with
  them.
• The Indians were fascinated by the metal tools
  that the Europeans used.
• Europeans became greedy and battle broke out.

22
Bibliography

• D Anice. Rita TheAlgonquian. Vero Beach,
  Florida Rourke Publications Inc., 1990.

23
Bibliography
Patrica Ryon Quiri. The Algonquians. New York,
New York Smithsonian Institute, 1992.

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• The Algonquians used every natural resource to
  satisfy their basic needs.

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By Hyo Sung