Project Resource Planning

1
Project Resource Planning

• Human Resource
• Methodologies and Processes
• Tools and Equipment

2
Human Resource

• How Many
• What Characteristics
• What Technical Skills
• How Much Experience
• Non-technical Skills
• Strong Character Attributes
• When
• Go back to the initial schedule derived from WSB

3
Schedule Evolved from WBS
Choose Specific of Resources
Resp.
May
June
July
Tasks
Req
1
Design
2
Code
2
Test
1
4
Consider the People Responsibility Column

• How Many?
• Start with the initial estimate and assumption
  for each major task listed.
• What characteristics?
• Based on task type, specify the
• required technical skill
• required experience
• required non-technical skills
• required temperament and personal traits
• When ?
• Utilize the initial schedule layout and estimate
  the timing

5
Expressing the People Needs
Skilled Personnel
May
June
July
Req Analyst
1
2
Designer
Programmer
2
1
Tester
Assuming that you agree with testing schedule
6
Sample Skill Descriptions

• If the Organization already has skills and level
  descriptions, then use them
• Brief Examples
• Requirements Analyst j domain knowledge by
  education or x years of experience in the
  domain j, technical skill knowledge by
  education or y years of experience, z years
  of prior experience in performing the
  requirements analysis task, good written and
  verbal communications skills, disciplined work
  habits, can travel 75 of time, etc.
• Depending on the x, y, z and other
  information the requirements analyst may be
  classified as a senior, normal, or junior level
  one may use the levels once they are defined and
  agreed upon.
• Programmer B language development environment
  skills by education or by x years of
  experience, j application domain knowledge by
  education or by y years of programming in j
  application domain area, good written
  communications skill, high energy, can work
  excessive overtime, etc.

7
If You Know the Individual Resources,Start with
them ------
Skilled Personnel
May
June
July
Req Analyst - B. Sam
Designers - T. Book - M. Soso
recruiting time
Programmers - new hire - new hire
What do we do with this time?
Tester - B. Sam
8
Perhaps We Can Re-consider ?
Skilled Personnel
May
June
July
Req Analyst - B. Sam
Designers - T. Book - M. Sosa
recruiting time
Programmers - new hire - new hire
Tester - M.Sosa
Pick the next best qualified candidate ?
9
Making Trade-off

• What is/are the most important attribute(s)
  required to perform the task?
• Does the candidate meet it/them?
• What is/are marginally important attribute(s)
  needed to perform the task?
• How many of them does the candidate meet?
• What are the trade-off(s)?
• Financial cost versus qualifications (think about
  the project goals)
• Persons desire and career aspirations (think
  about the goals of project and the person)
• Can anything else be modified --- such as task
  sequence or dates ?

10
Project Managers Decision on In-sourcing or
Out-sourcing

• Large projects with enormous amount of effort and
  time required in human resource recruiting and
  all the follow-on activities
• The amount of lead time available for recruiting
  (short project schedule)
• Amount of control over the resources
• Amount of Cost Savings
• Information Security and Proprietary Information
  Ownership
• Skills
• Available Infrastructure (process, tools, timing)

has been over-emphasized over-valued
often comes back to the bite us
11
Process and Task Methodology

• Process describes a set of activities or tasks to
  accomplish something.
• List the activities
• Sequence the activities (including parallel
  activities)
• entrance and exit criteria of the activities
• Methodology describes the rules and principles to
  accomplish an activity
• description of the rules the actual sub-steps
  that make up the procedure
• description of the principle the intended
  goals of the methodology and why the procedure
  will achieve the goals

(Most do not have this)
12
Process and Tasks

• What is the overall process?
• What tasks should be included? And why?
• Have we already considered this before and have
  an existing process that may be applied
• Decision making is based on
• goal
• type of project
• current state
• For each of the task
• What is/should be the methodology? And why?
• Decision making is based on
• goal
• type of project
• current state

13
Process Major Tasks for Software Projects

• They all seem to have
• Requirements Processing
• Design
• Implementation
• Testing
• Packaging and Releasing
• Does this mean every project uses the same
  process ?
• We need to look deeper
• When do we have to have this decision?
• Before we embark on the project before we embark
  on the task!

Where is the attractiveness of Waterfall? and of
Agile? ---- of Spiral?
14
Methodology to Accomplish Major Tasks

• Requirements Gathering, Analysis, and
  Representation is something we have talked about
  in an earlier chapter
• how much of the steps do we need to complete for
  the software project at hand --- based on
• goal
• what we may suspect as possible problem areas

15
Methodology to Accomplish Major Tasks (cont.)

• What about Implementation Task Methodology?
• Should we have programming standards?
• Who should develop one if we need one?
• documentation convention
• naming convention
• technique convention (size, control structure,
  data exchange, UI screens, etc.)
• How should it be monitored?
• Should there be a prescribed coding language?
• Is unit testing part of implementation?
• Should unit testing follow a guideline/template?
• Who should develop one if needed?
• Should there be code inspection ?
• Answer these by asking what are my goals ?

16
Tools and Equipment

• General
• Hardware
• personal (desktop/laptop)computers
• printers
• servers
• Communications Connections
• intranet
• internet
• Software
• operating system
• database
• office package
• communications

17
Software Project Related Tools

• Tools for specific tasks
• requirements documentation and analysis
• design documentation and analysis
• prototyping and modeling
• editors, compilers and debuggers
• test script development and execution
• performance testing and analysis
• key stroke capture
• execution monitor and coverage
• packaging diskettes and CD
• builds
• General tools
• configuration management
• statistical analysis
• back-up / recovery
• project control and management

18
In Your (this classs) case

• You have an end date thats already fixed.
• You must lay out the schedule based on that fixed
  length
• You also know how many people (and their skills)
  are on your staff (another fixed parameter)
• So you only have a few things to play with - - -
  namely
• Functionality
• Process
• Technology/Methodology
• People assignment (cant outsource either! )
• Goals
• Tools