Understanding Significant People of the 20th Century

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Understanding Significant People of the 20th
Century

• This is an introduction to the next section of
  class in which we will be discussing some of the
  most influential people surrounding WWI and WWI.
  We will go into further detail through the next
  six weeks.

• After completing assigned reading in your text
  and viewing this presentation, you will be well
  prepared to discuss this topic in our next class.

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113.33 10th Grade-World History

• T.E.K.S. objective 9
• The student understands the influence of
  significant individuals of the 20th century.

• The student is expected to
• Analyze the influence of significant
  individuals such as Winston Churchill, Adolph
  Hitler, Vladimir Lenin, Mao Zedong and Woodrow
  Wilson on Political Events of the 20th century.

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Woodrow Wilson

• Seen as a Progressive, a champion of the common
  people who fought against the wealthy and
  powerful, gaining wide popularity
• This lead to his nomination and victory as
  Governor of New Jersey.
• 1912 won the Democratic Presidential nomination
  and went on to win the election.

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Wilsons Work Towards Peace

• Wilson worked hard to not only keep America out
  of the war, but to end the war as well.
• Unfortunately, it became clear soon that America
  would have to join the fight. Wilson Declared
  the world must be made safe for democracy.
• May 1917-Wilson pushed the Selective Service
  Bill, leading to nearly three million men drafted
  into the army. (we started with only 200,000
  before this bill)
• January 1918-In a speech to Congress, Wilson
  outlined a program of Fourteen Points and a
  League of Nations to oversee world affairs.

• Later that year, Germany requests peace under the
  Fourteen Points. (which was negotiated by the
  Big Four) The treaty of Versailles is signed.
• 1920-Woodrow Wilson is awarded the Nobel Peace
  Prize for this work as President.
• Many of Woodrow Wilsons reforms and laws still
  survive today in some form. Some of these that he
  is known for are The New Freedom- limiting child
  labor, he set up the first income tax, Wilson
  established the Federal Reserve (government
  organization which still regulates banking), he
  also established the Federal Trade commission.

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Winston Churchill

• September 1, 1939 WWII begins when Germany
  invades Poland.
• Two days later, England declares war on Germany
  and Winston Churchill is appointed First Lord of
  Admiralty (head of the navy)
• The following May, when Germany raided Belgium,
  King George VI made him Prime Minister. (leader
  of the government)

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• We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on
  the landing-grounds, we shall fight in the fields
  and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills
  we shall never surrender.
• -Winston Churchill

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• In 1953, Churchill won the Nobel Prize in
  Literature for his six volume Second World War.
• 1953-Queen Elizabeth Knights him and he becomes
  known as Sir Winston Churchill.

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Vladimir Lenin

• Lenin was a Bolshevik leader who used the
  collapse of the Russian monarchy after WWI to
  implement a radical political system that
  influenced the entire 20th century.

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Lenin continued

• Lenin was a prominent Marxist activist.
• 1918-renamed the Bolsheviks the Russian Communist
  Party launched the Red Terror, a campaign to
  eliminate political opponents among the civilian
  population survived an assassination attempt.

• 1919-organized the Third International, popularly
  known as the Communist International, to promote
  world revolution.
• 1922-1923 Experienced declining health after
  suffering a stroke authored his "testament,"
  which included criticism of Joseph Stalin, then
  general secretary of the Communist Party.

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Mao Zedong (1893-1976)or Mao Tse-tung

• Mao began by founding a branch of the Chinese
  Communist Party in Hunan.
• Shortly after Japan surrendered in WWII, the CCP
  and KMT broke into civil war.
• The CCP who had mass peasant support and a Red
  Army, defeated the KMT.
• On October 1, 1949, Mao declared the founding of
  the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) in Tiananmen
  Square in Beijing.

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More Mao

• The United States became Maos enemy especially
  during the Korean War. (1950-1953)
• Mao believed that if properly organized and
  inspired the Chinese masses could accomplish
  amazing feats. This ideology lead to The Great
  Leap Forward in 1958.
• Afraid to disappoint their leaders, the people
  falsified their crops numbers, which eventually
  lead to massive famine and deaths of millions of
  people throughout China.

• His ideas failed and the tensions between he and
  others in government lead to the Cultural
  Revolution, a period of social unrest and
  political persecution launched by Mao in 1966.
• Maos Red Guards attacked his political rivals,
  including his chosen successor.
• With the help of the leader of the Peoples
  Liberation Army, Mao established himself as a
  godlike cult figure.
• Although Mao was widely revered, his Cultural
  Revolution lead to much death and destruction
  throughout China. He died of Parkinsons disease
  in 1976.
• The CCP declared the end of the Cultural
  Revolution that same year.

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Adolph Hitler (1889-1945)

• Hitler served in the German army during WWI and
  blamed the Jews for Germanys defeat.
  (interestingly he was never promoted during his
  service which was strange, it is thought that he
  was not trusted to lead men in battle)

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• Hitler went on to form the Nazi Party after
  success as a political speaker for Germany
• The Nazi Party consisted of violent racial
  nationalism and strong anti-Semitism.
• Hitler also opposed the liberal democracy that
  Germany established after the war.

• Still in the army, Hitler used the resources of
  that army to draw support for a group that
  started with only 100 to 200 members.

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• One of the most horrific events of the 20th
  century and of Hitlers terrible use of power
  were concentration camps, or work camps. This was
  a a place that anti-Nazi, Jewish, Gypsies,
  handicapped Germans and Poles (among others) were
  sent and most of them died of the terrible
  mistreatment and deplorable conditions.
• It is estimated that 6 millions Jews dies during
  Hitlers Holocaust.

• On Hitlers orders, the invasion of Poland began
  on September 1, 1939 and WWII began.
• June 22, 1941, Hitler and his army began attacks
  on the USSR. The Soviet army did defeat the
  Germans in 1941.
• By the Allied invasion of Normandy, or D-Day, the
  war steadily went downhill for Hitler and
  Germany.
• He went on to marry his mistress, Eva Braun and
  later committed suicide in Berlin on April 30,
  1945.

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Credits

• http//encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.
  aspx?refid761559589
• http//encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.
  aspx?refid761562790
• http//galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/SRC/hits?c3
  secondaryfalsedocNumCD2108100477sidebarsYesb
  Conts255bucket1origSearchtruetRKs1rdn
  10items0ldblocIDtlc109053805SUchurchill
• http//galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/SRC/hits?SUw
  oodrowwilsonc1secondaryfalsesidebarsYesbCo
  nts0bucket0origSearchtruetRKs1rsitems
  0lrlocIDtlc109053805

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Credits

• http//www.winstonchurchill.org/
• http//www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler
  /index.htm
• http//www.historychannel.com/cgi-bin/frameit.cgi?
  phttp3A//www.historychannel.com/perl/print_book.
  pl3FID3D21292