Gender and Sexism

1
Gender and Sexism

• Whats the difference?
• Sexism
• Gender inequality

2
Whats the difference?

• Sex biological differences between men and women
• Even some debate on this http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/
  nova/gender/

3
Whats the difference?

• Gender the social role made up of expectations
  for male female behavior
• Gender identity is a social construction
• Cultural comparison shows variation
• Research and analysis show process of
  socialization constructs gender
• Family
• Schools
• Media

4
Sexism

• An ideology justifying prejudice and
  discrimination against members of a sex
• Dehumanizing stereotypes
• Works both ways, but effects have been mainly
  directed toward women

5
Gender inequality

• Labor force participation of women rising shift
  from unpaid to paid work

6
Figure 8.1
7
Labor Markets in the 20thCentury Goldin(1994)
http//www.queensu.ca/sps/the_policy_forum/distin
guished_lectures/the_edmund_clark_distinguished_le
cture/labor_markets_2004Ed.Clark.pdf
8
Gender inequality

• Gender typing affects both occupation
  opportunities and comparative pay
• Comparable worth tries to equalize pay in similar
  female-dominated and male-dominated jobs

9
Figure 8.4
10
Comparison of male and female wages

• ftp//ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/lf/aat39.tx
  t

11
Framing the problem

• What is the problem (i.e., what problem is being
  defined or framed)?

12
Without a Safety NetEhrenreich and Fox Piven

• What happens when jobs arent available for women
  leaving welfare rolls?
• What kind of data are used?
• What are the conclusions?

13
Hochschild feeling managment

• deep and surface acting as labor
• emotive dissonance
• difference between what we feel and what we
  pretend to feel
• causes strain
• face a concept from Goffman meaning the
  identity we establish through social interaction

14
feeling management as alienation

• when conditions estrange us from our face, they
  sometimes estrange us from feeling as well.
  (282)

15
The second shift

• Even when working and contributing income to the
  household, women still do most of the housework
  and child care.

16
Ehrenreich Maid to Order

• What does the title mean?
• the classic posture of submission (171)
• Who benefits (cui bono) from womens domestic
  role?
• How has the commodification of housework changed
  class relations among women?
• What is one thing you can say with certainty
  about the population of household workers? (177)
• What is the moral challenge? (188)