United Nations Economic and Social Council

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• United Nations Economic and Social Council
• Working Party on Transport Statistics
• Transport of natural gas through pipelines
• Definitions used
• Bernard Gonze
• EUROGAS
• WP.6 / 8-10 june 2005, Genève

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EUROGAS IS

• A non profit industry organization based in
  Brussels
• A forum and an ambassador
• Representing federations and companies from 21
  European countries including associate members
• Supply to the European Market

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EUROGAS Membership since June 2004

• 30 MEMBERS (10 National Federations /
  20 corporate members)
• 21 COUNTRIES

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Gas Share of Primary Energy (2003)
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Gas Consumption in Europe (preliminary figures)
3,3
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Gas Demand Trends
Demand Increase
Market Share of Primary Energy
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What is natural gas ?

• There is no international definition.(In the
  Belgian law all gaseous combustible product of
  underground origin make up of essentially
  methane, including LNG, but excluding fire-damp)

1859, 8 km 2 Titusville
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Different types of natural gases

• Slochteren (Ned) 83,1 of methaneEKOFISK
  (Norway) 87,7 of methaneAlgeria 90,2 of
  methaneTroll (Norway) 91,3 of methane

In the network problem of interoperability
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First uses of the natural gas and origin of the
name

• First reported usesIn 600 B.C., Confucius wrote
  of wells 30 m deep yielding water and natural gas
  (the air which smells bad). The Chinese piped
  the gas to where it was needed through long,
  hollow bamboo rods in the Se Chouan country
  (Tibetan border).

• In Persia, around the 1st century A.C., natural
  gas seeped out of the ground and was ignited by
  lightning, producing a hot flame. The King of
  Persia build his royal kitchen near the flame.
• The name of gas was first given by Van Helmont
  (Brussels, 1579-1644) in his Hortus Medicinae
  (gheist i.e. spirit ? gas). The word gas was
  not used in England until the 19th century
  because Robert Boyle used the word air

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EUROPEAN NORM EN 4372003

• At 15C, 1013,25 mbar in MJ/m3
• First family of gas
• Second family of gasgroup L 39,1 MJ/m3 lt
  Ws lt 44,8 MJ/m3
  (Slochteren)group H 45,7 MJ/m3 lt Ws lt
  54,7 MJ/m3 (Algeria, North
  Sea, Russia, ...)
• Third family of gas
  NB 1m3 Normal conditions
  0C and 1013,25 mbar
  Standard conditions (EUROPE) 15C and 1013,25
  mbarW(obbe index) Calorific value divided by
  the square root of the density
  International conditions at 0C and 1013,25
  mbar ( in MJoule/m3)Madrid Forum 1 normal m3
  calorific value at 25C and 1013,25 mbar ( in
  kWh/m3)

• Natural gas L
• Natural gas H

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Directive 2003/55/EC of june 2003

• Natural gas undertaking any natural or legal
  person carrying out at least one of the following
  function production, transmission,
  distribution, supply, purchase or storage of
  NGincluding LNGand which is responsible for the
  commercial, technical, and/or maintenance tasks
  related to those function (not include final
  customers)
• Transmission transport of natural gas through a
  high pressure pipeline network with a view to its
  delivery to customers but not including supply
  (difference with 98/30/EC due to the
  unbundling)comment 1 no definition of high
  pressure,comment 2 in some countries storage,
  LNG installations are also included ? use of
  acheminementcomment 3 transit Directive
  (91/296/CE) is repealed
• Distribution transport of natural gas through
  local or regional pipelines with a view to its
  delivery to customers, but not including supply
• In some case, it is not easy to make a clear
  difference between transmission and distribution

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Directive 2003/55/EC of june 2003 (2)

• Transmission system operator (dif with 98/30/EC)
  a natural or a legal person who carries out the
  function of transmission and is responsible for
  operating, ensuring the maintenance and, if
  necessary, developing the transmission system
• Distribution system operator (dif with 98/30/EC)
  a natural or a legal person who carries out the
  function of distribution and is responsible for
  operating, ensuring the maintenance and, if
  necessary, developing the transmission
  systemComment possibility of ownership
  separated from operation (guaranty of
  independance of the operator)

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Directive 2003/55/EC of june 2003 (3)

• Supply sale (including resale) of natural gas
  (including LNG) to customers
• Storage facility a facility used for the
  stocking of natural gas, including the part of
  LNG facilities used for storage but excluding the
  portion used for production operations and
  facilities reserved exclusively for transmission
  system operators (dif with 98/30/EC)
• LNG facility a terminal which is used for the
  liquefaction of natural gas or the importation,
  offloading and regaseification of LNG excluding
  LNG facilities used for storage (dif with
  98/30/CE)
• System any transmission network, distribution
  network, LNG facilities and/or storage facilities
  owned and/or operated by a natural gas
  undertaking
• Linepack storage of gas by compression in gas
  transmission and distribution system

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Directive 2003/55/EC of june 2003 (4)

• Interconnector transmission lines which crosses
  or spans a border between Member States for the
  sole purpose of connecting the national
  transmission systems of the Member States.
• Direct lines a NG pipeline complementary to the
  interconnected system
• Customers wholesale and final customers NG
  undertakings which purchase NG
• Household customers customers purchasing NG for
  their own household consumption
• Non-household customers customers purchasing NG
  which is not use for their own use
• Eligible customers customers who are free to
  purchase gas from suppliers of their choice

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Guidelines for Good Practice (Madrid Forum)

• Madrid Forum European Gas Regulatory Forum?
  participants the
  Commission the
  representative of the Presidency
  Regulators
  representatives of the EU/EEA Member states
  representatives of the industry
  and consumers others in some cases repres.
  of the Russian Federation,
  Gazprom? output (among others)
  Guidelines for Good Practice (GGP)

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GGP definitions

• Guidelines for good TPA Practice (GGP) purpose
  is to ensure that TSO aim to provide the quality
  of services needed by the network users and that
  the systems and processes promote sustainable
  development of competition in gas supply.
• TSO Transmission system operator
• IAs and OBAs TSO should ensure interoperability
  between different systems inter alia by entering
  into both standard interconnection agreements
  (IAs) and standardised operational balancing
  agreements (OBAs) at any interface
• Network users end-use customers, producers,
  suppliers, traders, TSOs (in relation to
  cross-border transmission), ...

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GGP definitions (2)

• Capacity the maximum flow, expressed in normal
  cubic meters (1013,25 mbar and 0C) per time unit
  or in energy unit per time unit, to which the
  system user is entitled in accordance with the
  provisions of the transmission contract
• Firm capacity capacity guaranteed by the
  undertaking
• Available firm capacity the part of the
  technical capacity that is not allocated and is
  still available to the system users at that
  moment
• Non-firm or interruptible capacity capacity
  that can be interrupted by the undertakings
  according to the conditions stipulated in the
  access contract
• Balancing period the period within which the
  off-take of an amount of NG, expressed in units
  of energy, must be offset by every system user by
  mean of the injection of the same amount of NG
  into the transmission network in accordance with
  the contract
• Nomination the prior reporting by the system
  user to the transmission undertaking of the
  actual flow that he wishes to inject or withdraw
  from the system
• Nominated flow the flow that the system user
  has previously reported to the transmission
  undertaking
• Re-nomination the reporting of a corrected
  nomination

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GGP definitions (3)

• Contractual congestion situation where the
  level of firm capacity demand exceeds the
  technical capacity
• Physical congestion situation where the level
  of demand for actual deliveries exceeds the
  technical capacity at some point in time
• System integrity any situation in respect of a
  transmission network or a transmission facility
  in which the pressure and the quality of the NG
  remain within the minimum and maximum limits laid
  down by the transmission undertaking

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