Concept of democracy

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Concept of democracy

• Democracy is a form of a government in which a
  substantial proportion of citizenry directly or
  indirectly participate in ruling the state.
• Malaysia practices parliamentary democracy to
  form a peaceful and stable country.
• The democracy system introduced in Malaysia since
  1909 when the federal council was formed.
• A leader in a democracy country elected through
  secret ballot or election.

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The history of parliament and election in
Malaysian

• Started in 1909 when the federal council was
  formed for the Federated Malay states.
• In 1927- the council had several changes when
  Sultans were not the member of the council and
  the number of representative from different
  sectors and the British officer increased in the
  council.
• At straits settlement- democracy system also
  introduced- Crown colony government
• After w.w II the federal council and crown colony
  were replaced by the Malayan union

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• 1948- Malayan union was replaced by the
  Federation of Malaya.
• 1951- member system was formed- almost the same
  as mini cabinet.
• 1955- FOM amendment to let election exercise and
  increased the legislative council members to
  98.52- elected and 46- nominated
• 1959- 104- elected.

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Election

• An election is a method of choosing a leaders or
  making decision by process of voting.
• Election is not confine to democracy they also
  been used in authoritarian kinds of government.
• Election are never entirely free.they are
  conducted according to various rules and
  restrictions.
• Election commission is responsible to all
  election processes.

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• The commission is elected by YDPA after a
  discussion with the conference of rulers.
• The commission consist of 1 chairman, 1 deputy
  chairman and 3 members.
• The members can hold the post until age 65 years
  old.
• Parliament is the period from one general
  election to another covering a period of 5 years
  from the date of the first meeting of parliament
  held after a general election.
• At the end of the term parliament will be
  dissolved and within 60 days (pen)and 90days
  (sabah sarawak) a election must be held

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• Parliamentary democracy is quite slow in term of
  implementation because the government have to
  discuss and consider opinions from various stages
  group of people
• A government normally prefers to choose a popular
  decision rather than the best decision in order
  to win in the next election.
• Tfore - it different from dictator system
• Parliamentary democracy is a government that
  elected by citizen and for citizen.

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Pre-requisite of voter

• 1- Malaysian citizen
• 2- Resides in an election division on the
  (qualifying) date or if not residing is
  considered as absentee voter
• 3- not less than 21 years of age on the
  qualifying date.
• 4- is not disqualified

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3 categories of absentee voters

• 1- A Malaysian who is working in the Federation
  Armed Forces or Commonwealth countries, who with
  his wife lives in a residence provided by Armed
  Forces authority on the date of application to
  register as voter in the electoral district.
• 2- A Malaysian citizen living overseas with his
  wife but working with the Federal or State
  government or local or semi-government authority,
  who has applied to register himself as a voter in
  the electoral constituency.
• 3- A Malaysian citizen (and wife) who is studying
  abroad, who applies to register himself as a
  voter in the electoral constituency.

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Disqualified voter

• 1- On the qualifying date is detained as a person
  of unsound mind or is serving a sentence of
  imprisonment or
• 2- before the qualifying date he has been
  convicted of an offence and sentenced to death or
  imprisonment for a term exceeding 12 months and
  is still liable on the qualifying date or
• 3- found guilty under the election offences Act
  1954 or
• 4- has acquired a foreign citizenship

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Pre-requisite of candidate

• Malaysian citizen and a resident of the country
• must not less than 21 years of age on nomination
  day
• he must be a resident of the state if contesting
  a state seat
• is not disqualified

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Disqualified candidate

• Has been found or declared to be of unsound mind
  or
• Found to be bankrupt or
• holding an office of profit or
• failed to lodge any return of election expenses
  or
• has been convicted of an offence by a court of
  law in Malaysia and sentenced to imprisonment for
  a term not less than 1 year or to be fine of not
  less than RM2000
• has obtained a foreign citizenship

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• Pericles defination of democracy in Athens
• Our constituntion is named a democracy, because
  it is in the hands not of the few but of the
  many. But our laws secure equal justice for all
  in their private disputes and our public opinion
  welcomes and honors talent in every branch of
  achievement..on the ground of excellent a
  lone..our citizen attend both to public and
  private duties and do not allow absorption in
  their various affairs to interfere with their
  knowledge of the citys.we decide or debate,
  carefully and in person of matters of policy
  holding.that acts are foredoomed to failure when
  undertaken undiscussed