Gothic Art

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Gothic Art

• Chapter 11

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Important Terms and Concepts

• Ribbed vaults
• Flying buttresses
• Stained glass
• Lancets
• Rose windows
• Bar tracery
• Spire
• Portal (doorway)

• Beau Dieu
• Court Style
• Book of Hours
• Grisaille
• Great hall
• Panel painting
• Altarpiece
• Giotto

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Gothic Art, 12th 16th centuries
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Gothic period was influenced heavily by Byzantine
and Romanesque styles.
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• Larger cities
• Concept of rational inquiry rather that faith
  as the sole path to truth
• Art and architecture reflected a vision of a
  heavenly paradise.

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The Gothic style began in France.

• Abbey Church of Saint-Denis, Île-de-France,
  France, 12th-15th centuries
• Housed tombs of French kings
• housed relics of Saint-Denis the patron Saint
  of France
• inspired by the concept of divine luminosity

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Typical Gothic Structural devices 1. Pointed
arches 2. Ribbed groin vaults 3. Supports added
to enable soaring heights called flying
buttresses
Ribbed vaults
Flying buttress
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Chartres Cathedral, France, 12th 15th century
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• Royal Portal of Chartres Cathedral
• Three doorways with sculpture above on the
  tympanum
• High relief

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• Scenes from Genesis and parable of the Good
  Samaritan, Chartres Cathedral
• originally had about 22,000 square feet of
  stained glass
• Use of allegory in stained glass windows

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• Rose of France with lancets, Chartres Cathedral
• stained glass, 42 feet in diameter
• Lancets tall narrow windows crowned with
  sharply pointed arches
• rose window circular stained glass window with
  radiating sections
• Virgin Mary was the rose of France

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• Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, France, 1163
• flying buttresses, large stained glass rose
  windows
• become a symbol of Paris

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• Reims Cathedral, Reims, France, 1230-1260
• Coronation church of France
• Features windows over portals instead of
  traditional sculpture
• Windows feature bar tracery, a technique where
  thin stone strips called mullions form a lacy
  frame for glass

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• Annunciation (left pair) and Visitation (right
  pair), Reims Cathedral, 13th century
• Annunciation when Gabriel announces pregnancy to
  Mary
• Visitation when Mary visits her older cousin,
  Elizabeth who is pregnant with John the Baptist
• Each pair is done by different artist

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• Beau Dieu, Amiens Cathedral, France, 1220-1236
• eye led to Gospel book and up to Christs face
• Clear solid form, elegant drapery, interplay of
  close observation with idealization embodies the
  Gothic spirit

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• Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, France, 1243 1248
• Housed King Louis IX collection of relics,
  resembled a reliquary itself
• Ratio of glass to stone higher than in any other
  gothic structure
• Court Style

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• Jean Pucelle. Book of Hours of Jeanne dEvreaux,
  Paris, 1325
• Grisaille (grayscale) and color on vellum, each
  page 3 ½ x 2 ¼
• Court-style work depicting theme called Joys
  and Sorrows
• wealthy patrons were often pictured in works
  like this one

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• Virgin and Child, Abbey Church of Saint-Denis,
  1339
• Silver-gilt and enamel, height 27
• Court-style (graceful s-curve)
• reliquary containing Marys hair

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• Attack on the Castle of Love, Paris, 1330- 1350
• Ivory box lid, 4 ½ x 9
• depicts changing importance of the castle
• romantic ideal

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• Salisbury Cathedral, Wiltshire, England,
  1220-1258
• Park-like enclosures
• Spire of extraordinary height over the crossing

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• Heinrich and Peter Parler. Church of the Holy
  Cross, Germany, 14th century
• great hall
• plan adopted in civic buildings

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• Lorenzetti, Allegory of Good Government in the
  city, Siena, Italy, 1338-1340
• Fresco (painted onto wet plaster) in the city
  hall of Siena
• Shows the city of Siena in the background

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• Duccio. Conjectural reconstruction of Virgin and
  Child in Majesty, Siena, Italy, 1308-1311
• altarpiece
• combines Byzantine and Italian influences

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• Cimabue. Virgin and Child Enthroned, Florence,
  1280
• Large panel 12 ½ feet x 7 1/2 feet
• set a precedent for monumental altarpieces that
  followed

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• Giotto. Virgin and Child Enthroned, Florence,
  1310
• altarpiece
• Reflects Cimabues influence
• Better use of light and shadow

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• Giotto. Arena Chapel, Padua, 1305
• Giottos masterpiece
• narrative scenes juxtaposing the lives of Mary
  and Jesus

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