Computer Technology 3200

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Digital Camera
Computer Technology 3200
By Brittany OBrien
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A Filmless Camera

• Instead of film, a digital camera uses a sensor
  that converts light into electrical charges.
• There are two different sensors used in different
  cameras, a charged couple device (CCD) or a
  complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS).

CCD
CMOS
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CCD

• This image sensor transports the charge and reads
  it at one corner of the array.
• Creates high-quality low-noise images
• Consumes 100 times more power then CMOS sensors.
• Higher quality pixels.

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CMOS

• Uses several transistors at each pixel to amplify
  and move the charge using more traditional wires
• Signal is digital
• More susceptible to noise
• Consumes little power
• Light sensitivity is lower

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Resolution

• Resolution is the amount of detail a camera
• can capture when a picture is taken.
• The more pixels the camera has, the more
• detail it can capture and the larger the picture
• can be without becoming blurry.

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• Some typical resolutions are
• 256x256 - Found in very cheap cameras, 65000
  total pixels
• 640x480 Low end on most real cameras
• 1216x912 Megapixel image size, 1 109 000
  total pixels
• 1600x1200 High resolution, 2 million total
  pixels
• 2240x1680 4 megapixel camera, the current
  standard
• 4064x2704 Found in a top of the line camera,
  11. 1 megapixels.

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A picture taken at different resolutions
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Exposure

• A digital camera has to control the amount of
• light that reaches the center.
• Two components a digital camera uses to do
• this is the aperture and shutter speed.

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• Aperture The size of the opening in the
• camera. It is automatic is most digital
• cameras. However, it can be adjusted for more
• control over the final image.
• Shutter Speed The amount of time that light
• can pass through the aperture. The light sensor
  resets
• automatically so the digital camera has a digital
• shutter.

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Focus

• In addition to controlling the amount of light,
• the camera has to adjust the lenses to control
• how the light is focused on the sensor. Most
• digital cameras do this automatically.

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Lenses

• Digital cameras one of four types of lenses
• Fixed-focus, fixed zoom lenses This type of
• lens comes on a disposable camera. They are
• very limited, but inexpensive and great for
• snapshots.

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• Optical-zoom lenses with automatic focus This
  lens has
• wide and telephoto options and automatic
  focus. These
• lenses are very similar to a lens you would find
  on a video
• camera.
• Digital zoom lenses With this lens the cameras
  takes pixels
• from the center of the image sensor and averages
  the pixels to
• make a full-size image.
• Replaceable lens systems Similar to a 35mm
  camera, some
• digital cameras can also use 35mm lenses.

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Storing digital photos

• Many of todays camera have
• fixed or removable flash
• memory.
• These flash memory devices
• Include SmartMedia cards,
• CompactFlash cards, and
• Memory sticks.

CompactFlash
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References

• http//electronics.howstuffworks.com/digital-camer
  a6.htm
• http//images.google.ca/images?hlenqdigitalcam
  eragbv2