Our definition of leadership changes as we perceive an

1
Theory of Political Leadership

• UNU/ILA

2
Leadership a Generic Concept

• Importance In society and group activities we
  seek to avoid chaos and to feel a sense of
  belonging and purpose
• Leadership emerges in the process of learning to
  relate to one another
• These individuals are more involved, have certain
  values, have vision, and initiate change

3
Evolving Definition

• Our definition of leadership changes as we
  perceive and construct reality in new ways
• Ancient societies leaders heroes, prophets,
  philosophers
• Middle Ages popes and kings
• Machiavelli clever and amoral princes
• Early modern rational-bureaucratic and
  authoritarian models of leaders

4
Contemporary View

• New leadership resulting from complex economic
  and social changes, globalization, and
  democratization
• Leaders are judged on their effectiveness, style,
  service, cultural-sensitivity, adaptive-capacity,
  ethics, wisdom, participation, personal judgement

5
Current Scholars

• Burns Wren
• Heifetz Rost
• Bass Ciulla
• Kellerman Greenleaf
• OToole Gardner
• Hollander Fiedler
• Nanus

6
Types of Leadership

• Religious
• Political
• Corporate
• Societal
• Knowledge-based

7
Political Leadership

• Distribution of values and resources of a
  political society
• Conceptual development
• Authority
• Power
• Influence
• Participation and Democracy
• Ethics and Wisdom

8
Evolution of Political Leadership

• Authority
• Exclusive closed system eliminate autonomous
  and independent sources of leadership
• Rational-legal framework described by Max Weber
• Power
• Behavioral and mobilizational construct
• Ambition theory high motivation for domination
• Channel for social mobility and economic
  transformation
• Lasswells Political man, Politics, and
  Personality
• Influence
• Interpersonal relations and communications
• Leadership-followership relationship
• Exchange, motivation, rewards, ideological
  inspiration, moral authority, charisma

9
Evolution, cont.

• Participation Democratic leadership
• Interactive process
• Involves individuals, groups, parties within
  societies
• Ethics and Wisdom Future Political Leadership
• Emphasis on leaders, constituencies, local,
  state, national, and international

10
Knowledge-based Leadership

• leaders to create new contexts, which breakdown
  organizational boundaries and encourage a variety
  of cognitive styles
• Democratic and communitarian
• Strategic planning, information management
• Change mindsets and methods
• Create large, wide, deep, fast networks

11
Summary

• Leaders are needed to create and manage change in
  the 21st century
• More eclectic approach necessary incorporating
  political, corporate and social leadership
• Need for new styles in the face of rapid social
  and economic changes resulting from globalization
  and new technologies