Rise of Dictators in Europe and Asia

1
Rise of Dictators in Europe and Asia
2
WWI

• WWI left Russia and Germany angry about their
  lost lands, and it left war-torn countries with
  no way to rebuild.
  
• Democracies quickly fell to dictators.

3
Soviet Union

• Joseph Stalin came to power in 1924 and turns
  Soviet Union into a Communist State.
  
• He built industry with the 5-year plans and
  agriculture with collective farming.
  
• He used secret police, censorship, and
  totalitarian control.

4
Italy

• Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party in
  1919.
  
• Fascism emphasized strong leadership and extreme
  nationalism.
  
• His party marched on Rome and demanded he be
  given control
  
• King Victor Emmanuel III gave him control and he
  became Il Duce.
  
• He was non-Communist and came to power legally.

5
Germany

• Adolf Hitler joined the Nazi Party in 1920 and
  soon became its leader.
  
• After a failed plot to seize power, Hitler was
  jailed.
  
• Here he wrote his book Mein Kampf, laying out his
  goals for Germany and his anti-Semitism.
  
• Hitler was named chancellor in January 1933 by
  President Paul von Hindenburg.

6
Japan

• Militarists seized control in Japan and attacked
  Manchuria in 1931.
  
• The militarists saw expansion as a way to gain
  living space and raw materials for Japan.
  

7
Commonalities

• All leaders above stressed extreme nationalism,
  expansion, strict control through secret police,
  propaganda, and censorship.
  
• Only Soviet Union was Communist, though all had
  totalitarian dictators.