Boating Skills

1
Boating Skills Seamanship

• Lesson 10Powering Your Boat

2
Lesson Objectives (1)

• Characteristics of Marine Engines
• Two-Stroke vs Four-Stroke Engines
• Engine Operation Care
• Marine vs Automotive Parts
• Engines Fuel Battery
• Preventing Electrolysis
• Winterizing Spring Check
• Basic Trouble Shooting

3
Marine Engines

• D11N NOTE
• Much confusion, including this text, between
  Engines Propulsion or Drive systems

4
Types of Marine Engines

• Installation location of engine
• Inboard
• Includes inboard, tunnel, v, stern, tractor
  drives
• Outboard
• Operating cycle
• 2 cycle
• 4 cycle
• Fuel type
• Gas
• Diesel

5
Types of Marine Propulsion

• Outboard Unit containing engine, shafts, prop
  located outside attached to transom. Trim
  function
• Inboard Engine gearbox in boat, shaft through
  hull, external prop rudder, prop at angle to
  water surface
• Traditional uses straight shaft, engine is well
  forward of transom
• Tunnel drive
• V drive moves engine to transom, shaft cut in
  half and leaves engine going forward, then
  reverses forming a V shape
• Inboard/Outboard (I/O) or Stern Engine inboard
  at stern, external drive includes prop parallel
  to water surface, driven by shafts at 90 degrees.
  Swivel drive to turn no rudder trim function
• Traditional I/O has large transom cut out with
  drive prop on transom
• Tractor or 360 degree swivel, shaft through hull,
  drive prop under hull
• Jet drive Inboard engine and pump thrusts water
  out nozzle to propel. Impeller no prop. Swivel
  nozzle to turn.

6
Inboard Engines

• Engine MountedIn Boat
• Engine is usually modified automotive
• Modifications essential for safe use

7
Stern Drive Propulsion

• Engine In Boat so
• an INBOARD Engine
• Outdrive Or Lower Unit Mounted On Transom

8
Outboard Engines

• Engine Mounted OnTransom Outside Boat

9
Four-Stroke EnginesStroke ½ revolution
intake
compression
power
exhaust
10
Two-Stroke Engines
11
Gas vs Diesel Engines

• Diesel Engines
• More Efficient Than Gas
• Less Expensive To Operate
• More Reliable
• Less Hazardous Fuel
• Gas Engines
• Lighter And Less Expensive
• Less Noisy
• Less Vibration
• More Volatile Explosive Fuel

12
Automotive vs Marine Parts

• Marine Parts
• Specially Made To Minimize Danger Of Fire And
  Explosion
• Includes But Not Limited To
• Alternators
• Starters
• Distributors
• Fuel Pumps
• Fuel Systems (carburetor etc.)
• Be Aware Many Marine and Auto Parts Look Alike

13
Induction Systems
Getting Fuel Into The Cylinders

• Gas Engines
• Traditional Carburetor Mixes Fuel Air
• New Systems Fuel Injection
• Diesel Engines
• Injection

14
Ignition Systems
Igniting The Fuel Mixture

• Gas Engines
• Small Outboards Magneto
• Other Outboards all Inboards
• Traditional Battery, Distributor Coil
• Newest - Electronic
• Diesel Engines
• Heat Of Compression

15
Cooling Systems

• Open System
• Sea Water Pumped Through Engine
• Closed System
• Sea Water Pumped Through Heat Exchanger
• Fresh Water with Antifreeze Pumped Through Engine
  Heat Exchanger

16
Gasoline

• Leaded vs Unleaded
• Octane Rating
• Regular - 86
• Premium - 91/93
• Check Owners Manual
• Alcohol Additive (Gasohol)
• Possible Damage To
• Outboards
• Fuel Lines Tanks
• Oilers (VRO)

17
Batteries

• Marine Battery Deep-Cycle
• Check
• Battery Switch
• Battery Charge
• Corroded Terminals
• Terminals Covered
• Properly Secured
• Ensure Proper Cable Attachment Removal When
  Using Battery Charger Or Jumping Batteries

18
Maintenance

• Lubrication Oil
• Checking - Changing
• Outboards Lower Units
• Gear Case Oil Grease Fittings
• Hydraulic Fluid
• General Checks
• Bilge Pump
• Oil Leaks
• Stuffing Box
• Drive Belts
• Ignition System
• Spark Plugs

19
Maintenance

• Fuel System
• Filters
• Fuel Lines
• Cooling System
• Water Levels
• Hoses
• Sacrificial Zincs
• Propellers

20
Winterizing The Boat

• Change Oil Filter
• Fuel System
• Add Stabilizer Fill Tank
• Run Engine Out of Fuel
• Cooling System
• Ignition System
• Fresh Water System
• Remove Drain Plug if on Land
• Heads

21
Spring Fitting-Out

• Check
• Batteries Clamps - Cables
• Seacocks Hoses - Clamps
• Hull For Cracks - Zincs
• Fuel Tanks Hoses
• Bilge Blowers Hoses
• Fire Extinguishers Flares
• Steering Trim
• Galley Stove
• Bilge Pump Float Switch

22
Trouble Shooting

• Engine Will Not Turn Over
• Clutch in neutral?
• Battery OK?
• Cable Connections OK?
• Engine Will Not Start
• Fuel?
• Spark?
• Engine Runs Rough
• Engine Does Not Develop Full Power

23
Summary (1)

• Class of Marine Engines
• Operating Cycle
• Gas vs Diesel Engines
• Automotive vs Marine Parts
• Induction Ignition Systems
• Cooling Systems

24
Summary (2)

• Gasoline
• Batteries
• Maintenance
• Winterizing The Boat
• Spring Fitting-Out
• Trouble Shooting