NIPAH VIRUS

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PLUTUS IAS
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Nipah Virus

• GS3 Science and Technology

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Nipah Virus

• Nipah virus is a zoonotic disease transmitted
  from animals to humans.
• Transmission modes include infected animals,
  contaminated food, and person-to-person contact.

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Symptoms and Mortality

• Symptoms of Nipah virus infection include fever,
  headache, cough, sore throat, breathing
  difficulties, and vomiting.
• Severe cases can lead to disorientation,
  seizures, encephalitis, coma, and a high
  mortality rate ranging from 40 to 75.

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Transmission and Outbreaks

• The primary reservoir for Nipah virus is fruit
  bats (flying foxes).
• Human infection occurs through direct contact
  with infected animals or consumption of
  contaminated food.
• Outbreaks have been reported in countries like
  Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia.

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Containment and Reproductive Number

• Efforts to contain Nipah virus outbreaks have to
  be localized and relatively quick.
• The reproductive number (R0) is a key metric,
  with an observed value of approximately 0.48
  during previous outbreaks, indicating a
  relatively slow spread.

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