Safety and Health Management Systems

1
Safety and Health Management Systems

• OSHA Grant 46E3-HT36

2
Objectives

• Understand the elements of a safety and health
  management system
• Understand the legal responsibility to provide a
  safety and health management system
• Be able to implement a safety and health
  management system

3
Anatomy of an Accident

• Unplanned
• Disruption of the task
• Economic loss
• Injury, death or near miss
• Unsafe act
• Unsafe condition
• Combination of unsafe acts and conditions

4
Accident / Incident Investigation

• Duty to investigate accident
• Identify causes of accident
• Controlling hazards
• Investigation performed by a qualified person(s)
• Prevent reoccurrences

5
Accident/Incident Definitions

• Accident
• Incident
• Near miss

6
Safety Program Definitions

• Construction work
• Employee
• Employer
• Qualified
• Competent person
• Authorized person

7
1926 Subpart C General Safety and Health
Provisions

• Horizontal requirement for construction
• Safety training and education
• Employer responsibilities
• Recordkeeping and reporting of injuries
• Fire protection and prevention
• Housekeeping
• Illumination
• Sanitation
• Personal protective Equipment
• Acceptable certifications
• Shipbuilding and repairing
• Applicable safety and health standards
• Incorporation by reference

8
Multi-Employer Policy

• Creating employer
• Correcting employer
• Controlling employer
• Exposing employer
• Legitimate employer defenses for exposing
  employer
• Did not create the hazard
• Did not have the responsibility or authority to
  correct
• Did not have the ability to correct or remove the
  hazard
• Exposing employer can demonstrate that the
  creating, controlling and/or correcting employers
  have been specifically notified of the hazard to
  which his or her employees are exposed
• The employer has instructed his employees to
  recognize the hazards

9
OSHA Citation Policy for 1926.20 and 1926.21

• 1926.20(a) Contractor requirement.
• 1926.20(b) Accident Prevention Responsibilities
• 1926.21(b) Employer Responsibility
• 1926.21(b)(2) Training and Education
• 1926.23 Medical Attention
• 1904.2 Recordkeeping Requirements

10
General Safety and Health Provisions STD3.1-1
(May 1996 Appendix A)

• Management commitment and leadership
• Policy statement Goals established, issued and
  communicated to employees
• Program revised annually
• Participation in safety meeting and inspections
• Commitment of resources is adequate
• Safety rules and procedures incorporated into
  site operations
• Management observes Safety Rules

11
General Safety and Health Provisions STD3.1-1
(May 1996 Appendix A)

• Assignment of responsibility
• Safety designee on site, knowledgeable and
  accountable
• Supervisors (including foremen) safety and health
  responsibilities understood
• Employees adhere to safety rules

12
General Safety and Health Provisions STD3.1-1
(May 1996 Appendix A)

• Identification and control of hazards
• Periodic site safety inspection involves
  supervisor
• Preventive controls in place (ppe, maintenance,
  engineering controls
• Action taken to address hazards
• Safety committee (where appropriate)
• Technical reference available
• Enforcement procedures by management

13
General Safety and Health Provisions STD3.1-1
(May 1996 Appendix A)

• Training and education
• Supervisor receives basic training
• Specialized training taken when needed
• Employee training program exists, is ongoing and
  effective

14
General Safety and Health Provisions STD3.1-1
(May 1996 Appendix A)

• Recordkeeping and hazard analysis
• Records maintained of employee illness/injuries
  and posted
• Supervisors perform accident investigations,
  determines causes and propose corrective action
• Injuries, near misses and illnesses are evaluated
  for trends, similar causes and corrective action
  initiated

15
General Safety and Health Provisions STD3.1-1
(May 1996 Appendix A)

• First aid and Medical assistance
• First aid supplies and medical services available
• Employees informed of medical results
• Emergency procedures and training, where necessary

16
Elements of a Safety and Health Program (1989
guidelines)

• Management commitment and employee involvement
• State clearly a worksite safety and health policy
• Establish and communicate clear goals and
  objectives
• Provide visible top management involvement in
  implementing program
• Encourage employee involvement in the program and
  in decisions affecting their safety and health
• Assign and communicate responsibility for all
  aspects of the program
• Provide adequate authority and resources to
  responsible parties
• Hold all employees accountable for meeting their
  responsibilities
• Review and evaluate program operations
  periodically and at leas annually

17
Elements of a Safety and Health Program (1989
guidelines)

• Worksite Analysis
• Hazard Identification
• Conduct baseline and periodic safety and health
  inspections
• Analyze planned and new facilities, processes,
  materials and equipment
• Perform routine job hazard analysis

18
Elements of a Safety and Health Program (1989
guidelines)

• Worksite Analysis (continued)
• Provide for regular site safety and health
  inspections
• Provide a reliable system for employees, without
  fear of reprisal, to notify management about
  apparent hazardous conditions and to receive
  timely and appropriate responses.
• Investigate accidents and near miss incidents.
• Analyze injury and illness records for patterns.

19
Elements of a Safety and Health Program (1989
guidelines)

• Hazard Prevention and Control
• Establish procedures for timely correction or
  control of hazards
• Provide for facility and equipment maintenance
  (plan, schedule, track preventive maintenance)
• Plan and prepare for emergencies and conduct
  training as needed
• Establish a medical program which includes
  availability of first aid on site and physician
  and emergency care nearby.

20
Elements of a Safety and Health Program (1989
guidelines)

• Safety and Health Training
• Ensure that all employees understand the hazards
  to which they may be exposed
• Ensure that supervisors carry out their safety
  and health responsibilities
• Ensure that managers understand their safety and
  health responsibilities

21
Safety System Checklist

• Top management buy-in
• Continue building buy-in
• Build trust
• Conduct self assessments/bench marking
• Initial training
• Establish a steering committee
• Develop site safety vision

22
Safety System Checklist

• (continued)
• Align the organization
• Define Specific roles
• Develop a system of accountability
• Develop measures
• Develop policies for recognition
• Awareness training and kick-off

23
Safety System Checklist

• (continued)
• Implement process changes
• Continually measure performance, communicate
  results and celebrate success
• On-going support