Understanding and Monitoring Hydrocarbons in Water

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Understanding and MonitoringHydrocarbons in Water

• December 2008

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Oil spills can be tragic
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Routine oil seepage

• quietly contaminates

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Time Line Perspective
Millions of years ago
Oil drilled
Now
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Oil is a natural resource
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Biological impact

• Respiration of fish
• Algae and plants
• Feeding and reproduction
• Detracts natural degradation
• Aesthetics

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Typical Hydrocarbon structure
acetylene

C CH aliphatic
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Typical Hydrocarbon structure
acetylene cyclopropane
H2 C H2C CH2 alicyclic
C CH aliphatic
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Typical Hydrocarbon structure
acetylene cyclopropane benzene
H C HC CH HC CH C H aromatic
H2 C H2C CH2 alicyclic
C CH aliphatic
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Typical Hydrocarbon structure
acetylene cyclopropane benzene
H C HC CH HC CH C H aromatic
H2 C H2C CH2 alicyclic
C CH aliphatic
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Hydrocarbons revealed
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Agency intervention

• International
• Regional
• National
• Private vs Public

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A world of acronyms

• US EPA 1664 Rev A
• ISO 9377-2
• PAHs
• BTEX
• TPH
• TRPH
• TOG

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Contamination levels

• 1 dot of oil 300 ppm
• 1/10 of a dot of oil 30 ppm
• And still over the limit !!

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Defining the hydrocarbon
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Sample issues

• Sampling method
• Sample preparation
• Retention time
• Lag time
• Cost
• Sample disposal

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Type of instruments

• Light scatter
• Gravimetric
• Infrared
• Gas Chromatograph

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Type of instruments

• UV Fluorescence
• Spectrophotometer
• UV Absorption
• Digital imaging

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Integrity of results

• Point of sample
• Volume and container type
• Retention time
• Solvent volume
• Shaking time

Continue
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Integrity of results

• Cross Contamination
• Calibration
• Calibration and stability
• Interference

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Process Considerations

• Sample intake/return
• Hazardous locations
• Suspended solids

• Water temperature
• Ambient temperature
• Sample flow/pressure

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Many Players

• Authorities (Government / Private)
• General Public
• Instruments Manufacturers
• Laboratories
• Operators
• End Users
• Mother Nature

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Useable data
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Arjay Engineering Ltd. 2851 Brighton
Road Oakville, ON L6H 6C9, Canada Tel. 1 (905)
829 2418 / 1 [phone] Fax [phone]
4701 www.ArjayEng.com
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• Questions ?

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• Thank you !