Chapter 13 Review States of Matter

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Chapter 13 ReviewStates of Matter

• Pre-AP Chemistry
• Charles Page High School
• Stephen L. Cotton

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Chapter 13 Review

• According to the kinetic theory, collisions
  between molecules in a gas ____.
• Compared to the melting points of ionic
  compounds, the melting points of molecular solids
  tend to be ____.
• The direct change of a substance from a solid to
  a gas is called ____.

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Chapter 13 Review

• What is the key difference between a liquid and a
  gas?
• How does the atmospheric pressure at altitudes
  below sea level compare with atmospheric pressure
  at sea level?
• Know the characteristics that describe the
  movement of particles in a gas.

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Chapter 13 Review

• Which are the first particles to evaporate from a
  liquid?
• When a gas is heated, some of the absorbed energy
  is converted to ____ energy, and some is
  converted to ____ energy.
• How are conditions of pressure and temperature,
  at which two phases coexist in equilibrium,
  represented (or shown) on a phase diagram?

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Chapter 13 Review

• What happens to the range of energies of the
  particles in matter when the temperature is
  increased?
• The average kinetic energy of the particles of a
  substance is directly proportional to ____.
• If a liquid is sealed in a container and kept at
  constant temperature, how does its vapor pressure
  change over time?

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Chapter 13 Review

• What causes gas pressure in a container, such as
  a helium balloon?
• When the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to
  the atmospheric pressure, the liquid ____.
• The escape of molecules from the surface of a
  liquid is known as ____.
• What is the value of one standard atmosphere of
  pressure in kilopascals?

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Chapter 13 Review

• Which of the following will evaporate the
  fastest a) water at 20 oC, or b) water at 40
  oC?
• Which statement is NOT true, according to the
  kinetic theory a) there is no attraction
  between particles of a gas, or
  b) only particles of matter in the gaseous
  state are in constant motion?

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Chapter 13 Review

• Which states of matter can flow?
• Which of the following statements is part of the
  kinetic theory a) the particles in a gas move
  rapidly, or b) the particles in a gas are
  relatively far apart?
• Which of the following elements has the ability
  to undergo sublimation a) carbon, or b)
  iodine?

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Chapter 13 Review

• What instrument is normally used to measure
  atmospheric pressure?
• If energy is added to a boiling liquid, what
  happens to the temperature of the liquid?
• The average kinetic energy of water molecules is
  greatest in a) steam at 110 oC, or b) liquid
  water at 373 K?

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Chapter 13 Review

• Standard conditions when working with gases are
  defined as ____ oC and ____ kPa.
• What is the pressure (in kPa) when a liquid is
  boiling at its normal boiling point?
• What happens to the rate of evaporation of a
  liquid as the liquid is cooled?

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Chapter 13 Review

• What is the SI unit of pressure?
• Which of the following best describes the motion
  of the particles in a piece of steel a) none
  are moving, or b) all are moving?
• How do crystal systems differ?
• With which temperature scale is temperature
  directly proportional to average kinetic energy?

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Chapter 13 Review

• Water could be made to boil at 105 oC instead of
  100 oC by ____.
• Why does a liquids rate of evaporation increase
  when the liquid is heated?
• What happens to the temperature of a liquid as it
  evaporates?
• The smallest group of particles in a crystal that
  retains the shape of the crystal is called ____.

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Chapter 13 Review

• What happens to the average kinetic energy of the
  particles in a sample of matter as the
  temperature of the sample is increased?
• In a dynamic equilibrium between the liquid state
  and the gas state, what is true about the rate of
  evaporation?

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Chapter 13 Review

• Consider an iron cube and an aluminum cube. If
  the two cubes were at the same temperature, how
  would the average kinetic energy of the Fe
  particles compare with Al?
• The temperature at which the motion of particles
  theoretically ceases is ____.

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Chapter 13 Review

• Particles in a gas are best described as ____
  spheres with ____ volume.
• Crystals are classified into how many different
  crystal systems?
• At what temperature (in K) do particles
  theoretically have no kinetic energy?
• What is the pressure (in atm) at the normal
  boiling point of water?

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Chapter 13 Review

• What is a pressure of 622 mm Hg equal to in
  atmospheres?
• The vapor pressure of 10 mL of ethanol at 20 oC
  is 5.85 kPa. What is the vapor pressure of 20 mL
  of ethanol at the same temperature?
• What is a pressure of 0.520 atm equal to in mm of
  Hg?

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Chapter 13 Review

• What is the angle measurement in cubic,
  tetragonal, and orthorhombic crystal systems?
• Into how many systems are crystals classified?
• How many faces are in a hexagonal crystal system?
• How many phases of water are in equilibrium at
  the triple point?

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Chapter 13 Review
End of Chapter 13 Review