Beef Feedlot Industry

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Beef Feedlot Industry

• Structure / Economics / Marketing / Husbandry /
  Management / etc.

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• Feeding grain to cattle has got to be one of the
  dumbest ideas in the history of western
  civilization. John Robbins
• http//www.foodrevolution.org/grassfedbeef.htm
• http//www.organicconsumers.org/Meat/usfeedlotbeef
  .cfm

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How Cattle Feeding Developed

• Cattle drives 1860s
• Beef feedlots are a post WWII development
• Developed about grain production
• Center pivot irrigation allowed grain production
  in arid areas with low human population density
• Packing plants moved to the cattle

http//www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe50s/c
rops_08.html

• http//www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe50s/c
  rops_08.html
• http//www.asiakan.org/history/history_beef_kansas
  .shtml

• http//www.asiakan.org/history/history_beef_kansas
  .shtml

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Mid Size Feedyard
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U.S. Meat Production
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Cattle Industry Structure

• 100 million cattle
• 9 million dairy cows
• 31 million beef cows
• 34 million finished fed
• Age when finished lt 30 mo.
• Average age when finished 24 mo.

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U.S. Cattle Total Numbers
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U.S. Cattle Harvest Ave Wt
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U.S. Cattle Harvest Number
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Cattle Feeding Economics

• It is all about cost of production!!!
• Grain vs Forage Feed/Gain (FE)
• Traditional vs Natural FE
• Natural vs Organic Questionable
• The real deal may be health cost
• Time is an overhead cost

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Seasonals (Fundamental)
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Cycles (Fundamental)
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Cycles (Fundamental) Price Cycle vs
Production CycleThe beef cycle is approximately
10 to 11 yearsPrice leads Production 2 to 3 years
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Cattle Feeding Economics

• Price Risk Management
• The markets
• http//www.cme.com
• http//www.cbot.com
• Breakeven (BE.xls)

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Veterinarians Role In Production Management
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Production Management

• Decision Management
• Science Based
• Economic Based
• Decision priorities
• Manage
• Genetic Nutrition Health Marketing

Impact of decisions
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Production Management Multidiscipline

• Cant manage what you dont measure

• RECORDS !!! But not for records sake

• Nutrition
• Selection
• Marketing
• Economics
• Financial
• Environmental

• Health
• Treatment
• Vaccinations
• Biosecurity
• Parasite Control
• Quality Assurance
• Animal Welfare

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Value Added Services

• Provide Factual Reviews
• Reproduction Pg, BSE, Efficiency
• Health Management Targeted
• Nutrition BCS, resource mgnt
• Genetic Selection and Culling
• Marketing / Business / Financial

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Lungs
Lungs MOST will NOT be associated with
condemnation
Minor Adhesions Look Like Spider Web Strands
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Lungs
Lungs MOST will NOT be associated with
condemnation
Note the Skirt is adhered to the lung.
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Lungs
Lungs MOST will NOT be associated with
condemnation
Note Lung was condemned this is good evidence
there was an active infection (could also record
as Active LN)
Note the Skirt is adhered to the lung.
Note Most of both sides are missing.
Note Lung was condemned this is good evidence
there was an active infection (could also record
as Active LN)
Note Part of Lung is still in the chest
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Lungs
Lungs MOST will NOT be associated with
condemnation
Note Lung was condemned this is good evidence
there was an active infection (could also record
as Active LN)
Note Young Lesions are Bloody
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Simply Put It is all up to you.

• Involvement can be
• As simple as providing on call service
• As complex as being part of a management team

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Possible Management Areas

• Health Maintenance Management
• Medical Management
• Treatment Protocols
• Necropsy
• Nutrition Focus on newly received cattle
• Data management analysis
• Environmental
• Marketing at least understand it!
• Quality Assurance training monitoring

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Multiply Yourself Through People
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Special Areas

• Finding Sick Cattle
• Feeding Sick Cattle
• Tic if implant info

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Select appropriate high quality products

• Most commonly, BRD has a head start in
  high-stressed young commingled cattle.

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Processing Table Example
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Sick signs

• Depression
• Fill shape texture
• Loose feces
• Stiffness
• Nasal discharge Watery eyes
• Cough / breathing rate
• Rectal Temperature ???
• Dont let a thermometer do your thinkin

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How Sick Cattle Eat

• Pull any new calf that is slow to come to the
  bunkLook for sick cattle shortly after putting
  out feed.

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Sick Intake vs. Temp
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Durable Cure DART

• The goal
• 1) A first-time treated animal is more likely to
  become a high-performing, profitable animal
• 2) That animal stays with its group mates and
  does not suffer a disease relapse.
• D.A.R.T.
• An acronym for four areas that MUST be thoroughly
  assessed and monitored,
• especially high stress or high risk of disease.
  
• Depression, Appetite, Respiratory index
  Temperature.

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Finding Sick Cattle Early may be an
impossible job
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What You Need to Know Think About When
Selecting Antibiotics

• The objective will be to help folks better
  understand
• 1) how antibiotics work clinically
• 2) antibiotic classes what makes them
  different
• 3) how to think through developing treatment
  protocols
• 4) understand dose management resistance
  development
• 5) how to select a proper antibiotic for
  different diseases
• 6) how the other things given sick cattle can
  influence an antibiotic's effectiveness
• 7) how to know when to switch
• 8) which antibiotic would make a better choice
  when a switch is need if an animal doesn't
  respond
• 9) when to quit
• 10) potential residue considerations management

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Problem Sick Weaned Feeder

• 600 lb Intake 1.1 BW (DMB)
• intake 6.6 lbs DM
• Protein Requirement 1.9 lbs CP
• Receiving Ration 13.2 CP
• 600 x 2.5 BW 15 lb x 13.2 2 lb CP
• Soy Bean Meal (SBM) 48
• How much SBM must be added to meet the sick
  calfs requirements?

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Answer Sick Weaned Feeder

• Intake 6.6 lbs (DM) Needs 1.9 lb CP
• 1.9 / 6.6 28.8 CP
• R-Rat 13.2 CP 28.8 15.6 parts SBM
• SBM 48.0 CP 28.8 19.2 parts R-Rat
• Total 34.8 parts
• R-Rat 55.2 , SBM 44.8

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Assignment Problem

• 100 lb animal Sick
• Bad intake 1 BW (DMB)
• Nutrient requirement 1/3 (.330) lb
• Feedstuff 1 Nutrient 28
• Feedstuff 2 Nutrient 49
• Question How much FS1 FS2 should be mixed
  together to meet the requirement?

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Implants humans

• Lets look at sources of estrogens

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Implants humans

• Lets look at sources of estrogens

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Implants humans
No Withdrawal Time Required

• Lets look at sources of estrogens

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Implants
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Implants Growth
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Implant Strategies

• Start LOW gt Finish HIGH
• Attempt to have implant run out as feeder walks
  into packing plant
• Stacking is not good (What is stacking?
• Re-implant during Pay-Out Window
• Must be eating
• implants require fuel
• Effects on tenderness
• YES (says CSU Research)
• Effects on Reproduction YES !!!

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Buller Syndrome an enigma

• PHYTOESTROGEN (Plant ESTROGEN)
• Also molds including bunk molds
• Not associated with DOF
• Weather (Hot Dry) yes, but
• Bunk Management yes, but
• Association with Implants burst
• Peak release following implanting
• Implant location (middle 1/3) maybe
• Crushed pellets I doubt it.

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Great to have you at GPVEC
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Assignment Problem

• 100 lb animal Sick
• Bad intake 1 BW (DMB)
• Nutrient requirement 1/3 (.330) lb
• Feedstuff 1 Nutrient 28
• Feedstuff 2 Nutrient 49
• Question How much FS1 FS2 should be mixed
  together to meet the requirement?