Cold War

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• Cold War

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• The name given to relations between the U.S. and
  Soviet Union after World War II, characterized by
  tensions, suspicions, and intense competition.

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• Arms Race

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• The build up of military weapons between the U.S.
  and the Soviet Union during the Cold War

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• Bay of Pigs Invasion

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• An unsuccessful attack in 1961 by 2,000 armed
  Cuban exiles, trained by the CIA to overthrow
  Fidel Castro. Pres. Kennedy withdrew promised
  air support, and the invasion was crushed by
  Castros forces.

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• Berlin Blockade

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• In 1948, Germany was broken up into zones and
  controlled by the Allied Powers. A disagreement
  arose over who would control West Berlin. In
  protest, the Soviet Union decided to block all
  transportation routes in and out of the area.
  The other Allies responded with the Berlin
  airlift.

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• Berlin Wall

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• The wall built to divide East (controlled by the
  Soviet Union) and West (controlled by the Allies)
  Berlin to prevent escape from east to west during
  the Cold War.

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• Communism

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• Economic and political system based on the
  ownership of property by the community. People
  lose individual rights.

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• Containment

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• U.S. policy after World War II to prevent the
  spread of communism around the world. Also known
  as the Truman Doctrine (named after Harry Truman)

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• Cuban Missile Crisis

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• A 13 day crisis in October, 1962, in which the
  U.S. ordered the removal of Soviet missiles from
  Cuba. The U.S. used warships to blockade further
  shipments of missiles. The crisis was defused
  when the Soviet Union decided to turn its ships
  around from Cuba.

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• Domino Theory

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• The idea emphasized during the Vietnam War years
  of the 1960s, that when one Asian nation becomes
  communists the neighboring nations would also
  become communist.

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• Marshall Plan

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• The U.S. provided aid (help), usually in the form
  of money to many European countries in order to
  resist the spread of communism.

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• NATO

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• American alliance network in western Europe to
  stop the spread of communism.

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• Warsaw Pact

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• The Soviet Unions alliance system created in
  response to NATO.

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• Korean Conflict

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• (1950-1953)
• Communists invade S. Korea.
• U.S. sends in troops to push them out. Korea
• remains divided today between communist North and
  democratic south.

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• Red Scare

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• (1950-1954)
• Senator McCarthy began a witch-hunt to find
  communists within the U.S. govt. It spread
  throughout U.S. society.

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• Space Race

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• Competition to see who could get into space first
  and control satellite facilitiesSoviet Union
  won with Sputnik.

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• Vietnam War

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• (1964-1975)The U.S. attempted to stop the spread
  of communism into Vietnam, led by leader Ho Chi
  Minh. The U.S. was unsuccessful.

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• Joseph Stalin

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• Leader of the Soviet Union during World War II
  and the onset of the Cold War.