The Islamic World

1
The Islamic World
CHAPTER 11

• Section 1 The Rise of Islam
• Section 2 The Spread of Islam
• Section 3 Islamic Civilization

2
Objectives
Section 1
The Rise of Islam

• Describe how geography affected the people of the
  Arabian Peninsula.
• Explain how Islam began.
• Identify the main beliefs of Islam.

3
Arabia Its Geography and People
Section 1
The Rise of Islam

• Mainly desert surrounded by Arabian Sea, Persian
  Gulf, and Red Sea

4
The Prophet Muhammad
Section 1
The Rise of Islam

• Vision and revelations
• Hijrah journey from Mecca to Yathrib

5
The Faith of Islam
Section 1
The Rise of Islam

• One God submission to the will of God
• Five Pillars of Islam
• Jihad struggle to defend the faith

6
Kaaba in the great Mosque at Mecca
7
Kaaba During Prayer
8
Objectives
Section 2
The Spread of Islam

• Explore how the Muslims expanded their empire.
• Explain why the Islamic community divided.

9
Expansion Under Abu Bakr and Umar
Section 2
The Spread of Islam

• Abu Bakr Muhammads successor
• Umar succeeded Abu Bakr conquered neighboring
  non-Muslim lands

10
The Islamic Community Divides
Section 2
The Spread of Islam

• Disagreements about who should be caliphs

11
The Empire Continues to Spread
Section 2
The Spread of Islam

• The Moors Muslims in Spain
• The Turks and Islam conquered Syria,
  Mesopotamia, and much of Asia Minor

12
Objectives
Section 3
Islamic Civilization

• Describe how the location of Arabia affected
  trade in the Muslim Empire.
• Explain what Muslim society and family life were
  like.
• Identify Muslim achievements in science.
• Explore how Islam influenced Arab art and
  literature.

13
A Culture of Traders
Section 3
Islamic Civilization

• At center of world trade network that linked
  Europe, Asia, and Africa

14
Government and Society
Section 3
Islamic Civilization

• Quran governed religious life and daily life
• Slavery was common
• Muslim women enjoyed more freedoms than most
  other women
• Polygamy was common

15
The Sciences
Section 3
Islamic Civilization

• Medicine studied pharmaceutical drugs and
  dissection
• Geography astronomy, navigation, maps,
  astrolabe
• Mathematics Arabic number system, decimals

16
The Arts
Section 3
Islamic Civilization

• Calligraphy, architecture, geometric and floral
  patterns
• The Thousand and One Nights collection of
  folktales including Sinbad the Sailor,
  Aladdin, and Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves