Gel Electrophoresis

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Gel Electrophoresis
by Hemal, Thanh, Benny
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Gel Electrophoresis
What is gel electrophoresis?
A technique by which molecules are separated by
size or charge by passing them through a gel
under the influence of an external electric field.
Examples of molecules Proteins, DNA, RNA.

• Properties of the molecule that are important
• negatively charged
• linear shape

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Gel Electrophoresis

• Materials Required
• sample segments of unknown lengths
• ladder segments of known lengths
• gel matrix a porous matrix
• electrical source
• dye agents
• UV source

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Sample Treatments

• Nucleic Acids
• double-stranded
• single-stranded
• sodium hydroxide
• formamide
• Proteins
• various charges and shapes
• detergents
• sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
• sodium dodecyl phosphate (SDP)

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Electrophoresis

• Loading
• buffer solution
• loading buffer
• Apply Current
• electromotive force
• migration

http//learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/biotech/gel
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Staining

• DNA/RNA
• ethidium bromide
• Proteins
• coomassie blue
• bromophenol blue

http//learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/biotech/gel/
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Gel Analysis

• Observations
• discrete band
• similar-sized fragments
• darker band has more DNA
• smear
• partially degraded DNA
• Measurements
• label the standards
• estimate the samples

http//learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/biotech/gel
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Uses of Gel Electrophoresis

• Ancestral Heritage
• Parental
• Family Lineage
• Medicinal
• Vaccine development
• Disease detection
• Microorganism identification
• Criminal
• Identification
• Victims
• Suspects
• Causes of Death