Capabilities

1
GLFE Status Meeting
August 24-25, 2005
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TAMDAR Takes Its Human Toll
BEFORE TAMDAR
AFTER TAMDAR
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Presentation topics

• AirDat/TAMDAR Overview
• Status
• TAMDAR Impact Studies
• Simulations and Displays
• Ongoing Work in Support of Future Deployments
• Sensor Enhancements and Refinements
• Future Sensor Testing and Deployment
• Communications Architecture and Data Center
• System Monitoring and QA
• AirDat TAMDAR Forecasting Impact

4
AirDat/TAMDAR Overview

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Status

• All 63 Mesaba Saab 340 Equipped
• All 63 aircraft delivering data
• Ongoing firmware improvements
• Improved Data Quality
• Current UpgradeImproved Winds Aloft
• GLFE has been extended to Jan. 15, 2006

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Status

• Mesaba incentives being supported
• Incentives
• OOOI and flight numbers
• System functional and working well
• Mesaba plans to activate in October
• Text messaging
• AirDat contractual obligation to Mesaba
• Hardware design being developed

7
Data quality

• Data quality good
• Ongoing improvements in data quality
• Sensor firmware refinements
• Ground based QA improvements
• Sensors can be re-calibrated by ground command
• Algorithms include constants
• Roughly 100 constants can be commanded
• IMPORTANT systematic biases can be removed
• Must be fully verified
• Must be agreed to by participating parties
• Long-term drift can be corrected
• Additional humidity sensors being evaluated for
  future improvements

8
AirDat/NCAR impact studies

• Turbulence study ongoing
• New sensor installed on UND Citation
• 10 hours of flight tests planned
• Statistical precipitation study
• Auto nowcast study
• Impact on convective models
• 0-2 hour forecast
• CIP icing potential study

9
TAMDAR Data Volume and Simulation

• Radiosonde soundings (daily) 138
• 69 sites
• 2 launches per day
• Mesaba (GLFE) soundings 820
• 79 sites (airports)
• CONUS deployment (500 aircraft) soundings
  5000
• 300 sites (airports)
• Simulationillustrates potential impact

10
AirDat display work

• AirDat working on displays to increase usefulness
  of data to FAA for aviation safety
• Map display evolved from FSL display developed by
  Bill Moninger
• Enhanced with visual displays of icing and
  turbulence
• Downloadable application accessible from AirDat
  website
• Available to all users during GLFE

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Icing map display
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Turbulence map display
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Sensor Enhancements And Refinements
August 24-25
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Presentation Topics

• Hardware Refinements
• SPU Electronics
• Probe
• Considerations for High Speed Subsonic Aircraft
• Algorithm Refinements
• High Subsonic Wind Tunnel Testing
• First Air Boeing 727

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Hardware Refinements--SPU Electronics

• Hardware Over temperature Protection for Probe
  Heater (currently only in software)
• Ice Accretion Rate Capability Added
• Software Selection of Capacitive or MEMS RH
  Sensor
• 4th Serial Port
• Separate Heater Control for Rear Static Port
  Heater
• Increased Current Capacity for GPS Power Supply
• Software Switch for GPS Power

16
Hardware Refinements--Probe

• Different Optic Sleeve Material
• Better Thermal Coefficientcloser to Aluminum
• Better Adhesion
• Pitot Machined Into Cap for Better
  HeatingPreviously It Was Screwed into Cap
• Improved Sensor Board Connectornew PCB layout
  and Sleeve Base
• Improved LED and Photo Diode Mounting for Easier
  Mfg.
• Removable Plug in Cap for Easier Field
  Replacement of Sensor BoardRemoval of Cap no
  longer required.

17
Considerations for High Speed Subsonic Aircraft

• Probe Dimensions Constrained by Physical
  Limitations of Sensor Elements and Aircraft
  Mounting Options
• Shock Wave Begins to form on Sides of Probe at
  Approximately 0.7 Mach
• Static Port Reading Reads Too LowAffects TAS
  Accuracy
• Pressure in Sensor Chamber No Longer
  LinearAffects RH Correction
• Turbulence Noise Floor Rises

18
High Speed Subsonic Wind Tunnel Testing has Been
Done

• Tests at Rolls-Royce Fully Instrumented Wind
  Tunnel
• Various Angle of Attacks
• Data used to Develop the Polynomial Curve Fits
  for the Static Pressure and the Sensor Chamber
  Pressure at High Mach

19
Preliminary Testing on First Air 727

• Data is Now Being Downlinked
• Data Comparisons to Raobs Indicates Need for
  Calibration
• Calibration of TAS Required on Dedicated Flight
• Better Calibration Flight Will Occur After More
  TAMDAR Data Fields are added by Skytrac
• Recommend Implementation of Ground QC Procedures

20
Future TAMDAR Sensor Deployments
August 24, 2005
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Presentation Topics

• Deployment Strategy
• Product Development and Deployment Plans Next
  Generation TAMDAR Sensors
• TAMDAR Sensor Test Activities
• Air Carrier Incentives
• Current
• Future
• Next Generation TAMDAR
• Baseline Router Configuration

22
Deployment Strategy

• AirDat is focused on developing the capability to
  collect and distribute TAMDAR data on a broad
  scale
• Translates into increased TAMDAR sensor
  deployments
• Current focus is on CONUS region
• 63 Mesaba aircraft equipped to date
• In discussions with various air carriers to equip
  their fleets with TAMDAR sensors
• Range of aircraft platforms under consideration
• Small commuter aircraft (turboprop, regional jet)
• Other commercial airliners
• Helicopters

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Product Development and Deployment Plans Next
Generation TAMDAR Sensors

• TAMDAR sensors with current capabilities
  available
• for deployment on new airline carrier
  opportunities today
• Development activities underway for
  next-generation TAMDAR sensor
• TAMDAR equipage incentive packages customized on
  a carrier-by-carrier basis
• Some air carriers are requesting that AirDat
  provide sophisticated support measures via TAMDAR

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TAMDAR Sensor Test Activities

• Wind tunnel and flight testing may be required to
  support diversity of aircraft platforms under
  consideration for future deployments
• Wind tunnel testing
• Verify TAMDAR sensor enhancements at high
  subsonic speeds
• AirDat plans in place for design
• of new wind tunnel
• Utilize commercially-available
• facilities for short term needs

25
TAMDAR Sensor Test Activities

• Flight testing (Fixed-wing)
• Required to verify TAMDAR sensor
• enhancements at high subsonic speeds
• In discussions with Calspan (Lear 25 testbed)
• Exploring possibility of equipping NCAR GV
  aircraft for flight test/research support
• Flight testing (Rotary-wing)
• Investigate characteristics of TAMDAR sensor in
  helo environment
• In discussions with UND regarding equipage of
• Bell 206B JetRanger helicopter

26
Air Carrier Incentives (Current)

• TAMDAR sensor equipment offered at no charge to
  airlines
• Current TAMDAR capabilities
• Weather observations
• OOOI reporting
• Global aircraft tracking
• Flight planning tools (AirMaps)
• Comprehensive logistical support for TAMDAR
  provided to airlines
• manufacturing support
• inventory management
• field maintenance support

27
Air Carrier Incentives (Future)

• TAMDAR system will include router option, thus
  supporting the following additional capabilities
  
• Cockpit text messaging via tablet/EFB
• Backup voice
• Aircraft data monitoring
• Ice detection /alert to cockpit
• Wireless comms to cabin
• Wx radio

28
Next Generation TAMDARBaseline Router
Configuration

• Key Features of TAMDAR System
• Voice integrated into aircraft communication
  system.
• PDA as Flight Deck Interface can control voice
  and be used as text messaging platform
• EFB can be used as text messaging platform and
  voice control.
• GPS input for EFB can be through GPS receiver
  using AirDat antenna.
• WSI/XM Weather Radio antenna available using
  AirDat antenna.
• EFB can simultaneously be used for all other EFB
  applications.

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AirDat Network and Systems Architecture Tony
Papa August 24, 2005
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Network Overview
Message Latency
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Network Overview

• Geographic diversity/redundancy is achieved via
  four linked data centers supported by four
  Internet providers

32
Network Overview

• TAMDAR data processing systems are redundant at
  the system and site level
• All critical systems have at least 1 hot-failover
• Failover is automatic and stateful in all cases
• All systems are managed 7/24/365 by AirDat
  Network Operations staff.
• All systems and services are monitored in
  real-time and trended for performance and uptime.
• 2nd-site redundant systems will continue to be
  enhanced as needed.

33
System Monitoring
34
Partner Update Peak-10

• AirDat partnered with Peak-10 a datacenter
  co-location provider with 5 datacenters on the
  east coast.
• AirDat has redundant hardware in 2 of these and
  leverages network resources from all 5.
• Peak-10 has proven 100 network uptime for the
  past 2 years.
• Peak-10 continues to have positive business
  growth in all 5 markets.

35
Partner Update Iridium

• Iridium Satellites SBD service has been very
  stable through the GLFE.
• Many enhancements have been made in the past 12
  months. More upgrades are scheduled through Q2
  06 further increasing stability and redundancy.
• Iridium recognizes that data services is their
  largest growth opportunity.

36
Data Distribution

• Over 3.5M observations have been distributed
  during the ongoing GLFE
• This data is being distributed to over 30
  recipients via FTP including
• UK Met Office
• ECMWF (via UK Met Office)
• Canadian Met Office
• US Air Force
• US Army
• Fleet Numerical Modeling (US Navy)

37
TAMDAR System Management

• AirDat has developed systems to manage the
  inventory and lifecycle support of the TAMDAR
  system including sensor calibration parameters.
• A 7/24/365 helpdesk has been established to
  support the airline partners.
• Daily sensor status reports are sent daily to all
  AirDat employees.

38
Lifecycle Management
39
System Development

• Jeff Urban and team continue to enhance the
  proprietary data processing applications.
• TAMDAR database structure is has been improved in
  the past 12 months to accommodate changing needs.
• AirMap application has been improved to include a
  Skew-T trending tool based on partner feedback.

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Skew-T trending tool
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• QUESTIONS?

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TAMDAR System Monitoring and Quality Assurance

• Alan Anderson
• Cyrena-Marie Druse

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Most Delta Hound Analysis Reports can be viewed
using a web browser.This popular report provides
a summary of probe health and problems by day.
100
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Example Report Flight profile provides a quick
overview ofconditions encountered by a TAMDAR
during a given time period.
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Example Report Temperature scatter plots let us
quickly see how well temperature measurements
correspond to short-term predictions.
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Example Report showing the details of how
specific measurementscompare to short-term model
predictions.
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Example Report Relative humidity statistics and
a scatter plot depicting measurement agreement
for the two TAMDAR humidity sensors.
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Example Report Relative humidity statistics and
a scatter plot depicting measurement slight
disagreement for the two TAMDAR humidity sensors.
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The Dog Whistle program provides high performance
access to important quality assessment
information (in addition to the various HTML
reports).
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Example Dog Whistle window for browsing the
details of TAMDAR observations.
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Example Watch Dog Alerts Report Points out the
most suspicioussituations that AirDat personnel
need to investigate.
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Alternatively, many issues are spotted by
skimmingthrough the probe health charts or daily
summaries.
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Example the Daily Health and Problems report
shows that the declinein health was due to a
problem with receiving the aircraft heading.
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