Fungi Notes

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Fungi Notes

• March 2008

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• Definition Eukaryotic heterotrophs that have
  cell walls made of chitin (same chemical found in
  insects)
• Type of Cell Eukaryotic
• Number of Cells Multicellular except yeasts
• Habitat Damp warm places

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• Structure
• Composed of filaments called hyphae.
• Fruiting body is a reproductive structure
• Mycelium is a tangled mass of hyphae.
• Draw and label a fungi

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Reproduction

• Asexual hyphae break off from a fungus begin
  to grow on their own and/or produce spores.
• Sexual Labeled as () and (-), reproduction
  occurs when hyphae of opposite mating types meet.

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Spores
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How are fungi spread?

• Spores must land in a favorable environment.

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Classification

• Based on structure and method of reproduction.

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Phylum ZygomycotaCommon Name Common
MoldsEx Rhizopus (bread mold)
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Phylum AscomycotaCommon Name Sac FungiEx
bakers yeast, truffles,
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Phylum BasidiomycotaCommon nameClub FungiEx
Mushrooms found in grocery store, shelf fungi,
puffballs
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Bracket or Shelf Fungi
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Puff ball
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Phylum DeuteromycotaCommon Name Imperfect
FungiEx See below

• Cannot be placed in any other phylum because
  their type of reproduction cannot be determined
• Examples include blue cheese (Penicillium mold)
  and Aspergillus (soy sauce)

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Lichens/Mycorrizae

• Mycorrizae have a mutualistic relationship with
  plants (aid in absorbing water nutrients),
  while plants provide fungi with products of
  photosynthesis
• Lichens have a symbiotic relationship between a
  photosynthetic organism a fungus (sac or club)
• Fungus provides protection water
• Algae or bacteria provide food

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Lichens
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Mycorrizae
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• Fungi are found in every ecosystem
• Some parasitic fungi cause animal plant
  diseases (corn smut, athletes foot, and thrush)