NOAA Plans for LEO

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NOAA Plans for LEO GEOThe long and winding
road from TOVS to NPOESS and ATS to ABSPaul
MenzelNOAA/NESDIS/ORA
TOVS, ATOVS, MODIS, AIRS, VIIRS, CrIMSS ATS, SMS,
VISSR, METEOSAT, VAS, GOES, GHIS, GIFTS,
ABS Anticipated Capabilities
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Long Range Integrated Satellite Transition
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CY
POLAR
0530
NPOESS
DMSP
WindSat
0730- 1030
NPOESS
DMSP
METOP
POES
Local Equatorial Crossing Time
Terra
Integrated System
NPP
C2 or C1
NPOESS
1330
POES
Aqua
GEO GIFTS
GOES R Series
GOES
GOES R Series
GOES
GIFTS/IOMI
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POES (K-N) Instruments
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Planned Leo Launches
 
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New environmental remote sensing capabilities
are offering higher spatial resolution more
spectral bands higher spectral
resolution higher temporal resolution better
calibration better science Synergy is
increasing between POES and GOES sensors
research and operational sensors US and
international sensors Opportunities can be
realized with new approaches new
partnerships early involvement in science
teams and associated field programs
VIS IR MW active passive
land ocean atmosphere weather climate
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NPOESS Instruments
US 0530 US 0930 US 1330 EUM 0930 VIIRS VIIRS VII
RS CMIS CMIS CMIS CrIS IASI ATMS AMSU/MH
S OMPS GOME GPSOS GPSOS GRAS SESS SESS SEM
CERES TSIS ALT ASCAT DCS DCS DCS SARSA
T SARSAT SARSAT
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VIIRS, MODIS, FY-1C, AVHRR
CO2
O2
O3
H2O
O2
H2O
H2O
H2O
O2
H2O
H2O
CO2
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MODIS 8 405 - 420 9 438 - 448 10 483 -
493 12 546 - 556 1 620 - 670 13 662 - 672 15
743 - 753 16 862 - 877 2 841 - 877 5
1.23 - 1.25 26 1.36 - 1.39 6 1.63 - 1.65 7
2.11 - 2.16 20 3.66 - 3.84 23 4.02 -
4.08 29 8.40 - 8.70 31 10.78 - 11.28 32
11.77 - 12.27 plus more IR
FY-1C 1 580 - 680 2 840 - 890 3 3.55 -
3.93 4 10.3 - 11.3 5 11.5 - 12.5 6
1.58 - 1.64 7 430 - 480 8 480 - 530 9
530 - 580 10 900 - 965
AVHRR 1 580 - 680 2 840 - 940 3 3.55 -
3.93 4 10.3 - 11.3 5 11.5 - 12.5
VIIRS M1 402 - 422 M2 436 - 464 M3
478 - 498 M4 545 - 565 I1 620
- 670 M5 662 - 682 M6 744 - 758 M7
845 - 885 I2 845 - 885 M8 1.23 -
1.25 M9 1.371 - 1.385 M10 1.58 - 1.64 I3 1.58 -
1.64 M11 2.235 - 2.285 M12 3.61 - 3.79 I4 3.55 -
3.93 M13 3.97 - 4.13 M14 8.40 - 8.7 M15 10.3 -
11.3 M16 11.5 - 12.5 I5 10.6 - 12.5
Spectral bands of polar imagers (nm or um)
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Earth emitted spectra overlaid on Planck function
envelopes
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(No Transcript)
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II II I I I ATMS Spectral Regions
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NPOESS Instruments in Development/Production Phase
87 kg 91 W 1.8 Mbps
Cross-track IR Sounder (CrIS) (Engineering
Development Unit) ITT
66 kg 85 W 30 kbps
45 kg 45 W 180 kbps
Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite (Artist
Conception) Ball
Advanced Technology MW Sounder (ATMS) (GSFC
Notional Design) Aerojet
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NPP PROPOSED INSTRUMENTS FROM IPO VIIRS
(VISIBLE INFRARED IMAGER RADIOMETER SUITE)
21 CHANNELS (INCLUDING .4, .5, .6, .7, .8, .9,
1.2 1.4, 1.6, 2.3, 3.7, 8.6, 10.3, 11.0, 12.0
UM) 12 BIT, 0.8 KM RES, VIS CAL, IRW NEDT OF .1
K CRIS (CROSS TRACK IR SOUNDER)
INTERFEROMETER COVERING SW (4.0 UM) TO LW
(15.4) 1 KM (VERT), 10 KM (HOR), AND 1 K
RES LEVERAGED FROM NASA ATMS (ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGY MICROWAVE SOUNDER) COVERING
23, 31, 50, 57, 89, 166, AND 183 GHZ BANDS 10 KM
FOV AT 183, S/N AS GOOD AS AMSU IN CRIS FOV,
118 GHZ ALSO BEING EXPLORED
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Suggested ATMS Channels Ch n(GHz) BW(GHz) Chara
cteristic 1 23.8 0.27 split window-water
vapor 100 mm 2 31.4 0.18 split window-water
vapor 500 mm 3 50.3 0.18 window-surface
emissivity 4 51.76 0.40 window-surface
emissivity 5 52.8 0.40 surface
air 6 53.596.115 0.17 4 km 700 mb temp and
precip 7 54.4 0.40 9 km 400 mb temp and
precip 8 54.94 0.40 11 km 250 mb
9 55.5 0.33 13 km 180 mb 10 57.2903 0.33
17 km 90 mb 11 57.2903 .217 0.078 19 km 50
mb 12 57.2903 .322 .048 0.036 25 km 25
mb 13 57.2903 .322 .022 0.016 29 km 10
mb 14 57.2903 .322 .010 0.008 32 km 6
mb 15 57.2903 .322 .004 0.03 37 km 3
mb 16 89.0 6.0 window-precip and water vapor
150 mm 17 166.31 4.0 H2O 18 mm 18 183.317 2.
0 H2O 8 mm 19 183.314.5 2.0 H2O 4.5
mm 20 183.313 1.0 H2O 2.5 mm 21 183.311.8 1.
0 H2O 1.2 mm 22 183.311 0.5 H2O 0.5 mm
In common with AMSU/HSB
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GOES Satellites
Imager 120 kg 177 W 2.62 Mbps
GOES-I Series 2105 kg
Sounder 132 kg 178 W 40 kbps
GOES-N Series 1615 kg
IOO 35 kg 150 W 100 kbps
SXI 23 kg 57 W 100 kbps
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Planned Geo Launches
 
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"Normal people ... believe that if it ain't
broke, don't fix it. Engineers/Scientists
believe that if it ain't broke, it doesn't have
enough features yet."
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Advanced Baseline Imager on GOES-R
ABI addresses the NWS Imager concerns by -
increasing the spatial resolutions (the NWS
goal is 0.5 km for the IR) - improving temporal
sampling (faster scanning plus more regions
scanned) - adding spectral bands (enables new
and/or improved products) A view into the
future simulations of improved cloud, moisture,
and surface products with ABI.
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Simulated ABI (from MODIS)All images are
displayed at 2 km resolutions
Two visible bands, two near IR and eight IR bands
(10.3 not shown)
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Simulated GOES (from MODIS)All images are
displayed at 2 km resolutions
One visible (at a higher resolution) band and
four IR bands
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MODIS 0.5 km
Actual GOES-8 1 km
Lake Effect Snow Bands Visible January 19,
2001 1715 UTC
MODIS 0.25 km
MODIS 0.25 km
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Ice On Lake Erie Visible February 12, 2001
1627 UTC
MODIS 1 km
MODIS 0.5 km
MODIS 0.25 km
0.25 km data represents possible future (beyond
ABI) GOES visible imagery.
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ABI Simulations (from MODIS data) Water/Ice
Clouds and Snow/Lake Ice 3-color composite
(Visible/1.6 µm/8.5-11 µm) February 12, 2001
1627 UTC
UW/CIMSS
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MODIS RGB composite shows one application of the
0.47 ?m on the ABI.
UW/CIMSS
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Advanced Baseline Sounder on GOES-R

• Addresses NWS concerns by improving -
  temporal resolution sounding disk in 1 hour
  - vertical resolution 1 km for temp, 2 km for
  moisture
• - spatial resolution to 10 km for independent
  obs
• Geo - Interferometer combines several advanced
  technologies
• - large focal plane detector arrays
• - Fourier Transform Spectrometry
• - on-board data processing.
• ABS will provide moisture and cloud information
  as never before.

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Spatial Coverage
Areas within 62 degrees local zenith angle from
GOES-East and GOES-West sub-satellite points are
indicated. Threshold coverage rate calls for the
62 arc region, excluding half of over-lap, to be
scanned each hour. Current GOES -E and -W sounder
hourly coverage is also shown.
UW-Madison/CIMSS
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ABS using the shortwave side of the water vapor
band.
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These water vapor weighting functions reflect the
radiance sensitivity of the specific channels to
a water vapor change at a specific level
(equivalent to dR/dlnq scaled by dlnp).
Moisture Weighting Functions
Pressure
Weighting Function Amplitude
Wavenumber (cm-1)
UW/CIMSS
The advanced sounder has more and sharper
weighting functions
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NASA NMP
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(1600)
Geostationary Sounders ( of channels)
Advanced Baseline Sounder (operational)
(1600)
GIFTS (experimental)
(18)
GOES Sounder (operational)
The ABS is the next logical step from
experimental low spectral resolution to finally
operational high-spectral resolution sounders.
(12)
VAS (experimental)
time
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Long Range Integrated Satellite Transition
99
00
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
03
08
09
10
01
02
07
04
05
06
19
20
21
CY
POLAR
0530
NPOESS
DMSP
WindSat
0730- 1030
NPOESS
DMSP
METOP
POES
Local Equatorial Crossing Time
Terra
Integrated System
NPP
C2 or C1
NPOESS
1330
POES
Aqua
GEO GIFTS
GOES R Series
GOES
GOES R Series
GOES
GIFTS/IOMI
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• Summary
• The satellite remote sensing capability has had
  many positive consequences
• it has saved thousands of lives and millions of
  dollars from the ravages of storms
• it has made meteorological satellite data
  routinely available to nations around the globe
• in conjunction with improvements in numerical
  weather prediction, it has helped to improve
  forecast skill significantly
• and as valuable part of GOS it will help discern
  climate trends.
• NOAA is investigating the opportunities for
  further evolving the geostationary and polar
  orbiting remote sensing capabilities

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Remote sensing of gradients in spectra, space,
and time will be better than ever The
business of looking down is looking up